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World Music > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Music

A

A collection of sounds, of which all contribute to a similar musical key, rhythm, and timbre. It’s produced by people and formed into a culture

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2
Q

Sound

A

A single source of rhythm, key, and timbre that is independent of its surroundings, something you can hear individually.

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3
Q

Culture

A

The way of life of people, learned and transmitted from one generation to the next

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4
Q

Music-Culture

A

A groups total investment with music

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5
Q

John Cage’s 4’33”

A

3 movement piece from 1952 that was created to force people to listen to their surroundings, bu using tacets (when a voice or instrument is silent).

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6
Q

Rhythm

A

A time relation between sounds

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7
Q

Metrical Rhythm

A

Regular occurrence that has a steady beat

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8
Q

Free Rhythm

A

No sense of metrical rhythm, lack of beat and can’t clap to it, Sister, Hold Your Chastity, Yundao Ge, and Interstellar Overdrive

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9
Q

Polyrhythm

A

Simultaneous occurrence of more than one rhythm with a shifting downbeat, 1,2,3,4,5 then 1,2,3 then 1-5 etc.

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10
Q

Melody

A

the tune, the part that goes up and down

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11
Q

Pitch

A

Perceived highness or lowness of a sound, related to the frequency of vibrations

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12
Q

Timbre

A

The color and quality of a tone played, different on varying instruments.

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13
Q

Volume

A

How melodies increase of decrease in loudness

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14
Q

Scale

A

ordered arrangement of the pitches used in a musical performance

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15
Q

Intervals

A

Distance between 2 pitches in a musical scale

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16
Q

Octave

A

type of interval that is twice or half the pitch

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17
Q

Harmony

A

Simultaneously sounding tones

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18
Q

Texture

A

Describes how the melody and harmony interact (melodic interrelationships)

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19
Q

Monophonic

A

Single part music (one solo voice)

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20
Q

Heterophonic

A

musical organization that occurs when 2 or more voices/instruments elaborating the same melody in different ways at same time, Amazing Grace and Iluman tiyu

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21
Q

Polyphonic

A

When 2 or more distinct melodies are combined, multi part music where several melodic lines interweave, Bach’s Fugue and Makala

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22
Q

Homophonic

A

Musical organization characterized by dominant melody and accompaniment, typic pop music today

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23
Q

Form

A

Structure of a musical performance; how a musical performance is put together

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24
Q

Phrase

A

A musical thought; several phrase make form

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25
Music-Culture Model
Outer: Memory/History (time and space) Next Outer: Community (audience) Next Inner: Performance (performers) Most Inner: Affective Experience (Music)
26
4 Components of Music-Culture
Ideas of music Activities involving music Repertories of music Material Culture of music
27
Presentational
Performers present to audience
28
Participatory
Everyone contributes to sound and motion of event, like a jam session where all people are involved, no set performer or audience
29
Music Culture is ___ rather than ___, it's always ___
Dynamic, static, changing
30
Minyo
Traditional Japanese work songs that accompany hard labor that characterizes the region of that work
31
Volkslied
Anonymous, orally transmitted, amateur, continually varied songs of rural life
32
Hayashi/Kakegoe
Hayashi is the sung part (soran) while Kakegoe is the vocal part like Enya dotto
33
Shamisen
3 stringed lute
34
Taiko
drums, minyo usually accompanied by 2 drums
35
Kane
bronze bell, strike inside
36
Shakuhachi
End blown flutes held like clarinet
37
Fue
End blown flute held like flute
38
Melisma
A group of notes sung to one syllable of text
39
Kimono
Formal outfit for less formal occasions and older women, made of silk
40
Furisode
Formal, exquisite outfit for single/young women (under 40) with a long sleeve
41
Hakama
Formal outfit for men
42
Yukata
for men and women, made out of cotton and worn in summertime
43
Iemoto System
A master-apprentice system where student learns for the master by observation and spending much of the young life with the master.
44
Sensei
The master who is responsible for providing a model for and transmitting the traditional form, and providing educational experiences for the deshi's self-discovery
45
Deshi
The master who applies themselves with diligence, respect, and perseverance.
46
Natori
Professional Performer status obtained after years of dedication and mastery of the art form, Given fake names that are related to the sensei's name based on kanji strokes
47
Improvisation
Music that is created on the spot, spontaneously
48
African American Music
A genre that is independent of Africa and Europe. It's a root music that flourished into blues, jazz, work, and gospel songs
49
Hymn
a songs of praise to God
50
Lining-Out
call and response in psalm or hymn singing, leader chants and group responds, Amazing Grace which is heterophony due to the call and response
51
Gospel Songs
lyrics focused on Christian life, more lively
52
Whooping
delivery of a sermon by part chanted, part sung
53
Work Song
song workers sing to help carry the labor
54
Field Hollers
work songs in free or flexible rhythm, sung solo, w/o instruments like Rosie, the wood chopping song
55
Blues
type of music of play that is intimately tied to African American Experience
56
"Lazy" Bill Lucas
Vocalist and acoustic/electric guitarist and drums. His trio sang "Poor Boy Blues" which has rhymes of same, name and toy, boy Had trouble with eyesight Father was a farmer, poor family learned guitar in 1930 by observation started his career in 1946 inspired by Big Bill Broonzy Some facts of Poor Boys Blues correspond to his life but not direct autobiography
57
Jimmie Rodgers
First country star - Blue Yodel No. 1
58
Otis Rush
A modern blue singer "Aint Enough..." where electric bass is louder than drums, a characteristic of black popular music since 1970s with a hoarse voice to show great emotion
59
Characteristics of African American Music
``` Rhythms like ordinary talk universal phenomenon, accessible to all Improvisation timbre smooth and raspy movement like swaying and dancing call and response ```
60
Postal Workers in Ghana
A work song, the stamping provides a rhythm with a guy singing to it
61
Interstellar Overdrive, Pink Floyd
Example of free rhythm
62
Polyrhythm, Perfume
Example of polyrhythm
63
Little Fugue in G Minor, Back
Example of polyphonic
64
Soran Bushi
Example of a work song
65
Sister, Hold Your Chastity
Example of free rhythm, Bosnian ganga song
66
Yundao ge
Example of free rhythm, Chinese weeding song
67
Amazing Grace
Example of heterophony and lining out
68
Iluman tiyu
Example of heterophony
69
Makala
Example of polyphony, BaAka Song
70
Hustlin' Blues
Example of the Blues, hear roughness of kazoos backed with washboard rhythm, trombone, piano, singing about a pimp who beats her when she doesn't earn money, example of mistreatment
71
Field Holler
Leonard "Baby Doo" Caston's is an example of volkslied and free rhythm for a work song
72
Rosie
Field hollers in free rhythm where metrical rhythm comes from axe
73
Poor Boy Blues
Lazy Bill Lucas Blues Trio about a poor boy that was thought to be autobiographical but only in some aspects, see rhymes of name and same, seen and scream, and toy and boy.

World Music (13 decks)

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