quiz 1 Flashcards
What is cleavage
minerals split along flat surfaces when struck hard–this is called mineral cleavage
What does the term crystalline
the relationship between the materials of which a rock is composed
who invented the scale of hardness
Friedrich Mohs
why are faro magnisium rocks so dark
rich in iron and magnesium minerals
what are isotopes
are atoms with the same number of protons but that have a different number of neutrons.
what are rocks
naturally occurring combinations or coherent aggregates of minerals, fossils or other hard materials. They are classified by the way in which they form.
What are the three different types of rocks
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
difference between magma and lava
Magma is composed of molten rock and is stored in the Earth’s crust. Lava is magma that reaches the surface of our planet through a volcano vent.
3 different magma
Basaltic magma
Andesitic
Rhyolitic
obsidian
Obsidian is an igneous rock that forms when molten rock material cools so rapidly that atoms are unable to arrange themselves into a crystalline structure. It is an amorphous material known as a “mineraloid.” The result is a volcanic glass with a smooth uniform texture that breaks with a conchoidal fracture (see photo). extrusive
porphyitic igneous rock
salt and pepper rocks - igneous rocks, for a rock that has a distinct difference in the size of the crystals, with at least one group of crystals obviously larger than another group.[1] Porphyritic rocks may be aphanites or extrusive, with large crystals or phenocrysts floating in a fine-grained groundmass of non-visible crystals, as in a porphyritic basalt,
another word for pluton
granite or batholite
bowers reaction series - high temp to low
olivine calcium (ultramafic)
pyroxene plagioclase (mafic)
amphibole, biotite, sodium plagioclase (intermediate)
Muscovite, potassium felspar, quartz. (Felsic)
