Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NURS342 - Global Health > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is medicine concerned with?

A

The health of individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Public health vs Global health?

A

PH: population health. GH: transnational health, health concerning cross-national boarders.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How is international health different from global health?

A

International health focuses on the health of people who live in lower income countries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a demographic transition?

A

Transition toward lower birth and death rates. Often occurs when population move from low-income to high-income. Developing to developed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a pre-transition population?

A

High birth and death rate. Population size stays stable, but relatively low number of people.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an early transition population?

A

Lower death rates, increased population due to increased food security, increased health care and increased birth rates.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a late transition population?

A

Low birth rates, decreased population size. Lower birth rates due to fertility transition - education, technology, economic growth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a post-transition population?

A

Low fertility rate, low death rate, population size stabilizes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the epidemiologic transition?

A

A shift from infectious diseases to chronic, NCDs being the primary health problem in a population.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Burden of disease falls mostly on who in a pre-transition pop?

A

Young

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Burden of disease falls mostly on who in a post-transition pop?

A

Elderly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a nutrition transition?

A

Shift from undernutrition and nutrient deficiencies to undernutrition and obesity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pre-Transition populations are concerned about what in regards to nutrition transition?

A

Food security. Children at risk for vitamin and mineral deficiency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Post-transition populations are concerned about what in regards to nutrition transition?

A

Greater variety of foods but also more refined and processed foods. Increased obesity rates because of reduced physical labour work.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a risk factor?

A

Is something that makes you more susceptible to getting a disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is primary prevention?

A

Prevent diseases from ever occurring. Immunizations, improved nutrition, health education, reduce risk factors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is secondary prevention?

A

Diagnosis of a disease at an early stage/notice risk factors early and step in. Regular health check ups, prostate exams, mammography.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is tertiary prevention?

A

Reduce complications/side effects from disease. Prevent further damage or minimize disability. Checking the feet of diabetic patients regularly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Demography:

A

Study of size and composition of human populations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Vital statistics:

A

Obtained from birth/death certificates, marriage/divorce, and census records.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Life expectancy at birth:

A

Median expected age of death of all babies born ALIVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Healthy life expectancy:

A

Number of years the average individual born into population can expect to live without disability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Morbidity:

A

presence of illness or disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are two measures of morbidity?

A

Incidence and prevalence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Incidence is? Usually used to study what?

A

number of new cases of the disease. usually used to study infectious diseases, acute diseases and outbreaks.

26
Q

Prevalence is? Usually used to study what?

A

number of total existing cases (newly diagnosed and diagnosed in past). usually used to describe the amount of chronic disease.

27
Q

What are the three main classifications of cause of death and disability?

A

Communicable diseases, NCDs, injuries.

28
Q

Epidemiology:

A

study of distribution and determinants of morbidity, mortality, and disability in populations

29
Q

Primary study? Examples?

A

collects new data from individuals drawn from a well-defined population. Ex taking a survey, doing a drug trial.

30
Q

Secondary study?

A

Analyzing and reporting on existing data that someone else collected

31
Q

Tertiary study? Example?

A

Identifies all primary (and secondary) studies that have been published on a particular topic and to summarize what those studies say. Ex. systematic review, meta-analysis.

32
Q

Observational study?

A

Observe people.

33
Q

Descriptive study? Example?

A

Describe members of a population, prevalence of RF within a population, or rate of disease within a population. Ex. ethnography

34
Q

Analytic study?

A

Aim to understand the associations between RF and disease within a population

35
Q

Prevalence survey/Cross-sectional survey?

A

Get a snap shot of a populations health status at one point in time.

36
Q

Case series?

A

Looks at characteristics of a group of people who all have some disease. 2+ patients.

37
Q

Case-control studies? What does it mean if the odds ratio is >1?

A

Recruit people with a disease (cases) and similar people without disease (control) so that their past exposures can be compared. Cases are more likely than controls to have exposure.

38
Q

Cohort study?

A

Recruit a group of people and follow them forward in time to see who develops new disease.

39
Q

Experimental studies/intervention studies? example?

A

Researchers assign participants to receive a certain exposure. Ex clinical trial.

40
Q

What does the confidence interval tell us?

A

Whether the difference is statistically significant.

41
Q

Correlational study/ecological study? What does this study NOT show?

A

Uses numeric data about a particular exposure and a particular health outcome fro several populations to look at trends. Causation.

42
Q

Randomized controlled trials?

A

Assign participants to active/inactive groups.

43
Q

Synthesis study?

A

Combine results of many similar studies

44
Q

Systematic review?

A

Search published articles/reports in order to paint a comprehensive picture about everything known about a narrow topic of interest

45
Q

Meta-Analysis?

A

pool results from studies looked at

46
Q

What is bias?

A

Systematic error during study design, data, collection, analysis.

47
Q

What is validity?

A

How well a test measures what it is supposed to measure

48
Q

What are three key components contributing to SES?

A

Economic status, occupational status, and educational status.

49
Q

What are SDOH?

A

Living conditions that influence health status and access to health services

50
Q

Health disparities?

A

Differences in health status between population groups

51
Q

What are two common ways of measuring economic status of a household?

A

Income and wealth

52
Q

What is wealth?

A

Accumulated worth

53
Q

What is literacy?

A

Ability to understand written words well enough to complete normal daily tasks

54
Q

What is the international poverty line? How many people live below it?

A

1.25$/day. 1.4 billion.

55
Q

What is female health literacy important to?

A

Child and family health.

56
Q

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?

A

Total amount of goods and services produced in Canada by both Canadian and foreign corporations.

57
Q

Gross National Income (GNP)?

A

Similar to GDP. But puts focus on the total INCOME from the selling of goods and services.

58
Q

Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)?

A

Measures how many goods and services

59
Q

Gini Index?

A

Measure of the inequality in the distribution of incomes within a particular country

60
Q

Human development Index?

A

Composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators which are used to rand countries into four tiers of human development.

61
Q

Health inequalities?

A

Difference in health status among populations

62
Q

Health inequities?

A

Inequalities that are avoidable, unfair and unjust.

NURS342 - Global Health (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions