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SMT 310 > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the crescent shaped region between the Mediterranean and the Persian Gulf? What is connection between this region and modern civilization?

A

Gobekli Tepe

Farming

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2
Q

“Lucy” the famed bipedal hominid fossil was from which species?

A

Australopithicus Afarensis

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3
Q

Which Primate was first to demonstrate use of fire?

A

Homo Erectus (Europe) & Homo Ergaster (Africa)

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4
Q

Name one absolute and one relative dating method?

A

Absolute dating methods: carbon-14

Relative dating methods: reference to other dated sites

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5
Q

…. is what is demonstrably true about nature.

A

Science

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6
Q

…. is the application of science and/or natural resources to improve human life.

A

Technology

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7
Q

The scratch plow was developed about 6M BP and is sometimes referred to as the mother of all technology. It was improved about 600 AD with the addendum of which two major parts?

A

Colter and Mouldboard

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8
Q

Passing electricity through an electrical wire wound around an iron core produces …..

A

Magnetic Field

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9
Q

The electronic relay switch comes in two varieties which both have only one moving part called the or .

A

moving armature or spinning cup

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10
Q

According to Brian Arthur, systems become more complex by adding to them.

A

subsystems

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11
Q

According to Brian Arthur, most everything becomes more complex do to added subsystems, which are designed to .

A

To overcome limitations, handle exceptional circumstances or adapt to more complex world.

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12
Q

Throughout the last billion years there have been four major cooling periods each lasted for millions of years. What is currently believed to be causes for these major climate shifts?

A

plate tectonics

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13
Q

Splitting apart the atom produces energy that is converted into electricity at utility plants. This process of splitting atoms is called .

A

Fission

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14
Q

What changes in farming technology during the 11th century were discussed in this portion of class?

A

Plough, Horse Collar/Shoe, Crop Rotation.

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15
Q

What is the relationship between V & T in R=PV/nT?

A

Direct

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16
Q

What was our “worst mistake” according to Jared Diamond?

A

Farming (Agriculture)

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17
Q

What sacrifices did early humans from the introduction of farming, the plow and agriculture endure?

A

Height and Life Expectancy

18
Q

The Normands had the advantage against the Saxons during the battle of Hastings because their mounted soldiers used while the Saxons didn’t.

A

Stirrups

19
Q

The battle of Hastings ushered in the fully armored knight. What new weapon exposed the vulnerability of the fully armored knight during the battle of Agincourt thus began the end of the fully armored knight?

A

Archery

20
Q

What other new weapon was demonstrated during the 15th century?

A

Cannon and Rifles

21
Q

In England during the 15th century the longbow was weapon supreme. What were the two reasons for the ultimate demise of the long bow as weapon supreme?

A
  1. Cannon and Rifles

2. Improved prosperity

22
Q

Why does a vacuum pump pull water up only 30 feet and no higher?

A

Atmospheric Pressure

23
Q

Ptolemy’s star tables were developed about 150 AD then seemingly forgotten until we see them again in Europe during the 15th century, 1400 years later. For what purpose do we find these star tables being used during the 15th century?

A

Navigation

24
Q

How many moving parts does the electronic relay have?

A

one

25
Q

The development of cash money increased trade through selective buying which increased trade. What are the three major changes to sailing ships and navigation discussed in class?

A
  1. Lateen Sail
  2. Stern Post Rudder
  3. The Compass
26
Q

Wilson’s cloud chamber showed us that charged particles (ions) trigger or “seed” cloud formation. What was it later discovered to demonstrate which aided us to built the first atomic bomb?

A

Splitting of Atoms

27
Q

During the age of discovery mariners on their way West discovered the compass erred from true North. What is the cause of this aberration and where was it pointing to?

A

magnetic north pole of the earth

28
Q

Who or what was Ben Nevis and how is it important in the discovery of nuclear fission?

A

Weather Station where the glory occurred which led to cloud chamber study showing splitting of atoms

29
Q

In the equation v=c/λ , v and λ are related?

A

indirect

30
Q

What was the name of the tool discovered 2700 years ago, which was used to standardize precious metals?

A

Touchstone

31
Q

There were four farming developments discussed in class in Europe. They are the new plow, horseshoes, horse collar and .

A

Crop Rotation

32
Q

What is the name of the ancient seaport, which had copyrights to all documents entering into it?

A

Alexandria

33
Q

The longbow was weapon supreme during the 15th century but was replaced by the in the 16th century.

A

canon and rifle

34
Q

The sternpost rudder, lateen sail, compass, printing, paper and gunpowder all have their origins in which country?

A

China

35
Q

Contacting dissimilar metals together produces .

A

electric current (electricity)

36
Q

Given our current rate of consumption and estimated reserves how many years may we depend on fossil fuels?

A

600 years

37
Q

Give two examples of different fossil fuels currently used today?

A
  1. Coal

2. Petroleum

38
Q

Explain how voice is changed into a fluctuating voltage in the early telephones?

A

A vibrating metal diaphragm causing current in an electro- magnet to fluctuate.

39
Q

What 1799 discovery allowed us to translate the ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs?

A

Rosetta Stone

40
Q

In the scientific method or process an explanation about natural phenomena with little or no experimental fact is called a .

A

Carbon Dating

41
Q

After genetic analysis of H. Neanderthal and H. Denisovan it is determined that Denisovans are a distinct species, separate to H. Sapiens and H. Neanderthal. Did these three species ever coexist. If so, approximately how many years did they coexist.? Is there any evidence of interbreeding between these different species.? If so, how much genetic similarity is there between Neanderthals or Denisovans and modern humans?

A

Yes,1-4%

SMT 310 (4 decks)

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