Quiz 1 Flashcards
Describe the four bony features?
- Opening: structures go through it
- Elevation: site of attachment
- Depression: contains structures:
- Space: structures fill the space
Name three types of joints and give examples
- Synovial (ex. knee)
- Fibrous (ex. skull)
- Cartilaginous (ex. intervertebral discs)
Describe three types of muscles and where are they found
- Cardiac - in the heart (myocardium)
- Skeletal - tendons and muscle belly
- Smooth - blood vessels, GI, organs
Name the direction of blood flow for arteries and veins?
Arteries: away from heart
Veins: toward
What is the largest artery in the body? Largest veins?
Aorta:
Inferior vena cava (down)
Superior vena cava (up)
Major artery in neck?
Major veins in neck?
A: Common carotid
V:
Deep: Internal jugular
Sup: External jugular
Major artery in shoulder/neck?
Major veins in shoulder?
A: Subclavian
V:
Deep: Subclavian
Major artery in armpit?
Major veins in armpit?
Artery: Axillary Veins: Deep: Sup lat: Sup med:
Major artery in forearm?
Major veins in forearm?
Lateral/medial
Artery:
L: radial
M: ulnar
Veins:
L: radial
M: ulnar
Major artery and vein in pelvis?
Common iliac
Major artery and vein in the thigh?
Femoral
Major vein the thigh/leg?
Saphenous
Major connection for arteries and veins?
Anastomesis. It is common for a particular area of the body to be supplied by more than one artery or drained by more than one vein. These vessels that supply or drain the same area often connect with each other – the connection is called an anastomosis. Anastomoses are important because they provide alternative routes or bypasses for blood flow if the “main route” becomes blocked.
“ superficial vein of the medial part of the arm”
basilic
What is collateral circulation?
Collateral circulation is the redundant circulation in an area of tissue or an organ that blood can reach by more than one pathway. This is often a result of anastamoses, branches formed between adjacent blood vessels. Collateral circulation can be established in the venous system (between veins) or in the arterial system (between arteries)
What is the end artery?
End arteries are the opposite of collateral vessels – they do not form anastomoses and are the only source of blood to a particular area. End arteries are found in the brain and kidney.
What is venous plexus?
Congregation of multiple veins. In some areas multiple veins will form a network to drain the tissue.
What is venal comitantes?
Single vein and artery pair. For example (radial vein and radial artery)
What are the differences between origin and insertion?
“Skeletal muscle can attach to bone, fascia, skin or other muscles. The fixed attachment(s) is called the origin. The attachment(s) where movement takes place is the insertion.”
Name the two major lymphatic ducts
There are two lymphatic ducts in the body, the thoracic duct and the right lymphatic duct. The thoracic duct receives lymphatic drainage from most of the body (area in green), while the right lymphatic duct drains the upper right quadrant
What is fascia?
Describe difference between superficial and deep
Fascia is connective tissue
- Deep: forms covering around muscles, vessels and body cavities
- Superficial (just below skin): nerves, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels
