Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the anatomical name for the “Adam’s Apple”?

What cervical vertebrae level is it found?

A
Laryngeal prominence (part of Thyroid cartilage)
C4-5
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2
Q

What bone of the anterior neck is at C3 vertebral level?

A

Hyoid bone

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3
Q

What anterior neck cartilage is at C6 level?

A

Cricoid cartilage (a cartilage of the larynx)

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4
Q

Which spinal nerves innervate superficial neck?

A

C2-4 (C2 includes angle of mandible)

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5
Q

Which nerve innervates the anterior 2/3 of head (=face)?

A

Trigeminal Nerve (V)

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6
Q

What are the borders of the Carotid Triangle?

A

Post Belly of Digastric m.
Sup Belly of Omohyoid m.
SCM

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7
Q

What is contained within the Carotid Triangle?

A
Common carotid artery & bifurcation into internal/external carotid aa.
Internal jugular vein
Vagus nerve (X)
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8
Q

What two triangles of the neck are Posterior Triangles?

A

Supraclavicular and Occipital

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9
Q

What are the borders of the Supraclavicular triangle?

A

Clavicle
SCM
Inferior belly of Omohyoid m.

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10
Q

What are the borders of the Occipital triangle?

A

Trapezius
SCM
Inferior belly of Omohyoid

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11
Q

What is found in the Supraclavicular triangle?

A

Subclavian a. and v.
Scalene m.
Phrenic n.
Elements of brachial plexus

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12
Q

What is found in the Occipital triangle?

A

XI nerve

Cutaneous nerves from cervical plexus

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13
Q

What makes up the cervical plexus?

A

Ventral rami C1-4 spinal nerves

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14
Q

What are the 5 types of branches of the cervical plexus?

A

4 Cutaneous branches a)Lesser occipital b)Great auricular c)Transverse cervical d)Supraclavicular
Communicating/hitchhiker branches
Ansa cervicalis n.
Phrenic n.
Motor branches (to muscles of deep ant. neck)

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15
Q

How many branches in the neck does the internal carotid artery have?

A

Zero

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16
Q

How many branches in the neck does the external carotid artery have?

A

1) Superior Thyroid 2) Ascending Pharyngeal
3) Lingual 4) Facial 5) Occipital
6) Posterior Auricular 7) Maxillary
8) Superficial Temporal

17
Q

Where does the right common carotid artery originate?

A

Brachiosephalic artery

18
Q

Where does the left common carotid artery originate?

A

Aortic arch

19
Q

What cervical level does the common carotid bifurcate to the internal and external carotid arteries?

A

C3-4

15

20
Q

Which terminal branch of the external carotid artery is the biggest?

A

Maxillary artery

18

21
Q

What are the four branches of the subclavian arteries?

A

1) Internal Thoracic
2) Vertebral
3) Thyrocervical trunk
a-inferior thyroid b-ascending cervical c-tranverse cervical d-suprascapular
4) Costocervical trunk
a-deep cervical branch b-sup. intercostal branch

22
Q

What ventral ramii fibers make up the lesser occipital nerve?
Where does this nerve innervate?

A

C2 fibers

-Innervates skin of post. scalp behind ear

23
Q

What ventral fibers make up the great auricular nerve?

Where does this nerve innervate?

A

C2, C3

Sensory innervation to skin below and anterior to external ear and part of ear and skin over angle of mandible

24
Q

What ventral ramii nerve roots form the Transverse Cervical nerve?
What does this nerve innervate?

A

C2, C3

Innervates most skin of the anterior neck

25
Q

What ventral ramii nerve roots form Supraclavicular nerve?

What does this nerve innervate?

A

C3, C4
Innervates skin of base of neck, upper thorax, and top of the shoulder
Radiates across clavicular region; has 3 branches
a) medial
b) intermediate
c) lateral

26
Q

Hitchhiking Nerves:
C1 hitchhikes w/ ? and innervates ?
C2,3,4 hitchhike w/ ? and innervate?

A

C1 hitchhikes w/ cranial nerve XII - hypoglossal n.
Motor inn. to Geniohyoid m. and Thyrohyoid m.
C2,3,4 hitchhikes w/ cranial n. XI - spinal accessory n.
Sensory inn. to SCM (C2) and Trapezius (C3,4)

27
Q

What ventral ramii roots form Ansa Cervicalis?

What does it innervate?

A

C1, 2, 3
Innervates all infrahyoid muscles except thyrohyoid m.
(Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid)

28
Q

What are the 2 roots of the ansa cervicalis calles?

A
Superior root (C1) a.k.a. Descending Hypoglosal Ramus of ansa cervicalis
Inferior Ramus (C2,3) a.k.a. Descending cervical ramus of ansa cervicalis
29
Q

What ventral ramii make up the phrenic nerve?

What does it innervate?

A

C3, 4, 5
Motor and sensory to diaphragm
Motor to scalene mm. & prevertebral mm.

30
Q

What are the 4 infrahyoid muscles?

A

Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Omohyoid
Thyrohyoid

31
Q

What is the origin and insertion for the omohyoid m?

A

Body of Hyoid, connected by tendinous sling on clavicle, Sup. border of Scapula

32
Q

What nerves innervate the infrahyoid muscles?

A

Ansa cervicalis = sternohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid

C1 = thyrohyoid

33
Q

What are the 4 paired suuprahyoid muscles?

A

Digastric
Stylohyoid
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid

34
Q

Why do the digastric ant and post bellies have 2 different innervations? What are they?

A

They have 2 different embryonic origins
Ant. belly = V n. (trigeminal)
Post. belly = VII n. (facial)

35
Q

What nerve innervates
Stylohyoid m.
Mylohyoid m.
Geniohyoid m.

A
Styloid = VII
Mylohyoid = V
Geniohyoid = C1