Quiz 1 Flashcards
Significance of elements, Scientific Methods, First book of Physics.
Aristotle
Matter could be broken down to the smallest substance (atom).
Democritus
Mathematical application
Archimedes
Concept of acceleration, formulation of inertia and support of heliocentric theory.
Galileo Galilei
Three laws of motion, applied force and motion to natural elements.
Issac Newton
Discovered magnetic induction, Invented the electric motor.
Michael Faraday
Discovered the electron.
JJ Thompson
Father of nuclear physics, discovered the atomic nucleus.
Ernest Rutherford
Discovered radioactivity
Henri Becquerel
Discovered Radium
Marie Curie
Photoelectric effect
Albert Einstein
Fluoroscopy
Thomas Edison
Developed electromechanical technology and contributed to a/c applications.
Nikola Tesla
Discovered X-Rays 11/8/1895, working on crookes tube.
Wilhelm Roentgen
Anything that occupies space and mass
Matter
Newtons Three Laws
- Inertia
- F=ma
- Action/Reaction
- Object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
- Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass.
- Every action has an equal and opposite re-action.
Law Of Conservation
Energy is neither created or destroyed- reproduced in different forms.
Three main units
Length, mass, and time.
Amount of protons, also number of electrons is the “Z” number.
Atomic number
Total mass of neutron, proton and electrons (AMU)
Atomic Mass
Quarks inside the nucleus are held together by a nucleus binding energy called
Gluons
An atom is considered neutral when there are equal number of _______ and _______ (net charge = 0)
Protons and Neutrons
Neutrons have
No charge or emisson
Max number of electrons in each shell (K,L,M,N,O,P,Q) =
2n^2
Electrons closest to the nucleus have the highest
Binding Energy
Requires an energy equivalent or higher to remove it from a particular shell
Electron Binding Energy
Chemical bond formed by two oppositely charged ions.. “Exchange”
Ionic
Electron missing.. Cation..
Positive charge
Gains an electron.. Anion..
Negative charge
What is the standard international measurement of energy?
Joule
Force necessary to provide a mass of one kilogram with an acceleration of one meter per second.
Newton
Have No Mass
Have different energy in waves as electric and magnetic disturbances
All travel at the speed of light (3x10^8 m/sec) in a vaccum (Velocity)
Originate with the atom
Electrically charged moving particle generates a magnetic field.
Electromagnetic Energy
Speed of light (Velocity)
186,400 miles/s
300,000 kilometers/s (3x10^5)
300,000,000 meters/s (3x10^8)
Vary only in wavelength and frequency
Electromagnetic Radiation
(Measured in hertz) number of times a wave passes through a point in 1 second.
Frequency
Measurement from peak to peak of sinusoidal curve designated by the Greek letter lambda.
Wavelength
Displacement from x axis on a graph (+/-)
Amplitude
Frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional..
higher (f) ______ (w) = higher energy
lower (f) _______ (w) = lower energy
Shorter, Longer
What is the wavelength formula?
Speed of light= Frequency x Wavelength (C=f x ¥)
The __________ of an X-ray is between 10^-8 and 10^-11 meters/sec
Wavelength
_______s are packets of pure energy with no mass that have frequency and wavelength.
Photons
X-rays are electrically _________.
Neutral
Gamma rays originate from the _________.
X-Rays originate from the ________ shell.
Nucleus, Electron
X-Rays are _________.
Invisible