Quiz 1 Flashcards
What is considered a key mechanism contributing to the perception of tinnitus following hearing loss?
Increase in spontaneous activity due to heightened neural response gain
In Jastreboff’s tiger analogy, what does the tiger represent?
The patient’s tinnitus perception
What is the primary goal of Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT) as suggested by Jastreboff’s model?
To reduce the perception and emotional distress of tinnitus through habituation.
Which statement best describes the relationship between tinnitus and other psychological conditions?
Tinnitus, anxiety, and depression exist independently of each other and do not influence one another.
Tinnitus is primarily a psychological condition that directly causes both anxiety and depression.
Tinnitus, anxiety, depression, and insomnia are interconnected, with each potentially exacerbating the others.
Insomnia and lack of concentration are minor factors that do not significantly impact the severity of tinnitus.
Tinnitus, anxiety, depression, and insomnia are interconnected, with each potentially exacerbating the others.
According to Hallam’s Model, what can impede the habituation process to tinnitus?
Emotional significance attached to tinnitus
What is a key hypothesis regarding the role of the medial olivocochlear (MOC) system in tinnitus generation?
Decreased neural efferent input to the cochlear amplifier, potentially increasing spontaneous activity
What role does the autonomic nervous system play in the habituation process to tinnitus according to Hallam’s Model?
High levels of autonomic nervous system arousal can impede the habituation process by enhancing tinnitus awareness.
What is a key limitation of the discordant damage theory in explaining tinnitus generation?
It fails to explain why some individuals with profound hearing loss do not experience tinnitus
What is the role of excessive intracellular calcium in noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus?
It leads to overactivation of cells, oxidative stress, and eventual cell death, contributing to hearing loss and tinnitus.
Increase in neural activity within the central auditory system as a compensatory response to decreased peripheral input, typically due to cochlear damage, which can manifest as tinnitus and hyperacusis.
central gain
Unfavorable alteration in the central nervous system’s function and structure in response to injury or disruption, such as hearing loss, leading to detrimental conditions like tinnitus.
maladaptive plasticity
The process where psychological changes or shifts in a person’s mental state cause them to become re-aware of tinnitus sounds to which they had previously adapted.
dishabituation
Tinnitus arises from increased spontaneous neural activity at the boundary between normally functioning and damaged outer hair cells in the cochlea.
edge theory
A neural process that prevents tinnitus signals from reaching the auditory cortex by potentially blocking them at the thalamic level, with its failure resulting in the perception of tinnitus.
inhibitory gating mechanism
Tinnitus can result from abnormal interactions between adjacent nerve fibers, particularly when damage or compression causes ephaptic coupling, leading to synchronized firing patterns in auditory neurons that are interpreted by the brain as sound. Alternatives
cross talk theory
