Quiz #1 Flashcards
What is the difference between gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy?
Gross anatomy involves studying large anatomical structures visible to the naked eye, while microscopic anatomy deals with cellular structures, usually covered under physiology
Define the anatomical position and explain its importance
the anatomical position is a standard position where the body stands upright, feet shoulder-width apart, arms at the sides, and palms facing forward. It’s crucial for providing a consistent frame of reference in anatomical terminology
Describe the functions of the integumentary system
the integumentary system includes structures like skin, hair, and nails, functioning in protection, vitamin D synthesis, and sensory reception
Differentiate between regional anatomy and systems anatomy with examples
regional: focuses on the structures in a specific part of the body like head or limbs
systems: focuses on a complete system like the skeletal or muscular system
List the major functions of the skeletal system
the skeletal system provides support, protection for organs, facilitates movement along with muscles, and serves as a mineral storage space
What are the major components and functions of the nervous system?
the nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, functioning in fast-acting control of the body and responding to both internal and external stimuli
How does the endocrine system maintain homeostasis in the body?
the endocrine system maintains homeostasis through glands that produce hormones regulating processes like growth, metabolism, and reproduction
Explain why the cardiovascular system is crucial for cellular function
The cardiovascular system ensures transport of nutrients, gases, and waste products to and from cells, supporting their metabolic needs and maintaining their function
Discuss how the lymphatic system supports immunity
the lymphatic system promotes immune defense by housing lymph nodes and vessels that filter pathogens and facilitate the development of immune cells
Identify and describe the three planes of the body used in anatomical studies
the frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions, the transverse (horizontal) plane divides into superior and inferior, and the sagittal plane divides into left and right sections.
What role does the respiratory system play in maintaining homeostasis
the respiratory system maintains homeostasis by facilitating gas exchange; it brings in oxygen necessary for cellular respiration and expels carbon dioxide, a metabolic waste product
How does the digestive system contribute to nutrient availability in the body?
the digestive system breaks down food into essential nutrients and absorbs them into the bloodstream for cellular energy and growth, subsequently eliminating waste products
Describe the function of the urinary system in maintaining homeostasis
the urinary system maintains homeostasis by filtering blood to produce urine, eliminating waste, and maintaining electrolyte and fluid balance
Why is the study of developmental anatomy important in medical science?
developmental anatomy offers insights into the growth and changes occurring from conception to old age, aiding in understanding congenital conditions and guiding pediatric healthcare
Define pathological anatomy and explain its significance in healthcare
pathological anatomy studies structural changes due to disease, being critical for diagnosing and understanding the progression and impact of diseases in the body
