Quiz 1 Flashcards
Inductive Reasoning
Studying a case and creating a hypothesis
Deductive Reasoning
Testing the hypothesis that is created
Modernization Theory
As a society develops it will become a capitalist democracy
Behavioral Theory
Political behavioral analysis-> Generalization and Grand Theory
Qualitative
Inductive: trying to connect dots using logic and evidence, not spending time on collecting data
Quantitative
Deductive: collecting a lot of data to see what matches
Political Institutions
Things that are kind of integral to culture: ex, baseball and democracy
Commands legitimacy
Formal vs Informal
Formal
Democracy
Informal
More of a norm, woo pig sooie
Freedom
Ability to act independently without fear of restriction or punishment by state or other individuals or groups in society
Equality
A material standard of living shared by individuals within a community, society, or country.
Politics requires…
Finding the balance between freedom and equality
State
the organization that maintains a monopoly of force over a territory
Sovereignty
The ability to carry out actions and policies in a territory independently of external actors and internal rivals
Regime
The fundamental rules and norms of politics
Government
The leadership that runs the state
Country
The political system that combines state, regime, and government (along with the people)
Two Paths of Political Organization
Consensus and Coercion
Consensus
Individuals band together, leadership chosen among people
Coercion
Individuals are brought together by a ruler who imposes authority
3 advantages of the Modern State
Economic development, technological innovation, domestic stability
The Thirty Year’s War and the Treaty of Wesphalia (1648)
Claimed birth of the modern state and sovereignty. Caused the loss of political power of the Pope
Legitimacy
A value whereby something or someone is recognized and accepted as right and proper : authority and power
What are the 3 types of legitimacy
Traditional, Charismatic, Rational-legal
Traditional Legitimacy
Valid because it has always been that way
Charismatic Legitimacy
Built on ideas embodied by an individual
Rational-legal legitimacy
Based on laws and procedures
Distribution of Power
Federalism, Asymmetric Federalism, Unitary States, Devolution
Federalism
A system in which significant state powers are devolved to regional or local bodies
Asymmetric Federalism
Power is divided unevenly among regional bodies
Unitary States
A state in which most power exists at the national level, limited at local
Devolution
Process where political power is “sent down” to lower levels of state and government
What do you use to measure strong or weak states?
Capacity and Autonomy
Capacity
The ability to wield power in order to carry out basic tasks (security, freedom, and equality)
Autonomy
The ability of the state to wield its power independently of the international relations (acting on sovereignty)
Hydraulic Society
Needed to manage large-scale water management. IRRIGATION
If there is a farm, there is a village, and eventually a city. GROWTH AND SOCIETY
Formation of new social groups
Which hy. society did we learn about specifically?
Mekong basin. Central to Vietnam’s economy and society
Society
a collection of people bound by shared institutions that define how human relations are conducted
Ethnicity
a set of institutions that bind people together through common culture; Including; language, religion, location, customs, appearance, and history
Nation
a group that desires self-governance, often through an independent state
National Identity
Institutions that binds people together through common political aspirations
Nationalism
pride in ones people and the belief that their own sovereign political destiny that is separate from those of others.
Citizenship
an individual’s or groups relation to the state
- swear allegience, obligations, duty, and taxation
Patriotism
Pride in one’s state
Nation-state
A sovereign state encompassing one dominant nation that it claims to embody and represent
(A state with homogenous peoples; India, France, Japan)
Ethnic Conflict
conflict between ethnic groups that struggle to achieve certain political or economic goals at each other’s expense
National Conflict
seek to gain (or prevent the other from gaining) sovereignty, clashing with one another over issues of autonomy, such as eh quest to form an independent state
Political Attitude
views regarding the necessary pace and scope of change in the balance between freedom and equality. Includes Radicals, Liberals, Conservatives, and Reactionaries
Radicals
dramatic, often revolutionary change of the existing political, social, or economic order
Liberal
Favor evolutionary change
Conservative
question whether any significiant or profound change in existing institutions is necessary
Reactionaries
seek to restore political, social, and economic institutions
Political Ideologies
sets of political values held by individuals regarding the fundamental goals of politics. Includes Liberalism, Liberal Democracy, Communism, Social Democracy, Fascism, Anarchism
Liberalism
places a high priority on individual political and economic freedom
Liberal Democracy
a system of political, social, and economic liberties, supported by competition, participation, and contestation
Communism
a political ideology that advocates for a political economic system in which all wealth and property are shared so as to eliminate exploitation, oppression, and ultimately the need for political institutions such as the state
Social Democracy
A political-economic system in which freedom and equality are balanced through the state’s management of the economy and the provision of social expenditures
Fascism
Asserts the superiority and inferiority of different groups of people and stresses a low degree of both freedom and equality in order to achieve a powerful state
Anarchism
stresses the elimination of the state and private property as a way to achieve both freedom and equality for all
Fundamentalism
An ideology that seeks to unite religion with the state or, rather, to make faith the sovereign authority (theocracy)
Fundamentalism =/= Religiosity, Puritanism, or Religious Conservatism
Seeks to restructure religion as central political identity, can be reactionary and radical
Religious Community, The Dynastic Realm, and Print Capitalism
REVIEW THESE
Ability to influence others
Power
