Quiz 1 Flashcards
Anthropology
The study of humankind.
Cultural Anthropology
The study of modern human societies through the analysis of the origins, evolution, and variation, of culture.
Linguistic Anthropology
The study of the construction, use, and form of language in human populations.
Archaeology
The study of prehistoric human populations through the analysis of material remains.
Biological Anthropology
The study of the evolution, variation, and adaptation of humans and their past and present relatives; sometimes called physical anthropology.
Anthrozoology
The study of the interactions and relationships between human and nonhuman animals.
Biocultural
The combination of biological and cultural factors that affect human behavior.
Evolutionary
Relating to the process by which different kinds of living organisms are believed to have developed from earlier forms.
Forensic
Relating to the application of scientific methods and techniques to the investigating of crime.
Molecular
Relating to or consisting of molecules.
Neurological
The branch of medicine that deals with problems affecting the nervous system.
Nutritional
Relating to the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth.
Paleoanthropology
The branch of anthropology concerned with fossil hominids.
Primatology
The study of the behavior, biology, evolution, and taxonomy of nonhuman primates.
Science
The systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world.
Scientific Method
An empirical method for acquiring knowledge.
Observation
The action or process of noticing something or someone carefully to gain knowledge.
Hypothesis
A proposed explanation for a phenomenon.
Hypothesis Testing
A systematic procedure for deciding whether the results of a research study support a particular theory which applies to a population.
Results
A consequence, effect, or outcome of something.
Support/Refute
To prove right/wrong.
Revision
A process in writing of rearranging, adding, or removing information.
Reproduction
The biological process by which new individual organisms are produced by their “parents”.
Peer Review
Evaluation of scientific, academic, or professional work by others working in the same field.
Theory
An idea or set of ideas intended to explain facts or events.
Scientific Article (primary literature)
A publication that is based on empirical evidence.
Popular Press and Science
An interpretation of science intended for a general audience.
Evolution
A change in allele frequency in a population over time.
List of misconceptions about evolution
Evolution isn’t a belief system, in conflict with religion- you don’t have to be atheist-, goal or end driven, concerned with the origin of life, a need or want or try, perfect, random, linear, increasing complexity, only about humans, just about natural selection
Allele
One or more alternative forms of a gene.
Population
A group of individuals of the same species living and interbreeding within a given area.
The four main forces of evolution are:
Mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection
Mutation
Increases variation in a population and is the most important part of evolution.
Gene Flow
Genes flow from one population into a new population which causes an increase in variation in a population.
Genetic Drift
Decreases variation in a population. Changes in the allele frequency.
Natural Selection
Happens when something changes in the population environment. Decreases variation in a population.
Three necessary conditions for natural selection
- There must be variation in a trait
- The trait must be inherited
- The trait must confer differential reproductive success
Adaption
Changes in physical structure, function, or behavior that allow an organism or species to survive and reproduce in a given environment.
Sexual Selection
Selection by one sex of a species for morphological traits in the other traits.
Artificial Selection
The intentional breeding (by humans) of organisms for specific traits.
