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Parasitology - review > quick facts > Flashcards

quick facts Flashcards

1
Q

When naming organisms genus should start with _____ and species with a ______ letter

A

Capital; small

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2
Q

a symbiotic relationship in which one benefits from the other without causing any harm

A

Commensalism

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3
Q

Parasite that can multiply in fecal matter outside the body

A

Coprophilic parasite

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4
Q

Host in which parasite undergoes an arrested development stage

A

Paratenic host

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5
Q

source of infection is known as the

A

Rservoir

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6
Q

Oriental liver fluke

A

Clonorchis senensis

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7
Q

profile of a man

A

Schistosoma mansoni

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8
Q

beef tapeworm

A

Taenia saginata

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9
Q

pork tapeworm

A

Taenia solium

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10
Q

Dwarf tapeworm

A

Hymenolepis nana

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11
Q

Double-pored tapeworm

A

Dypilidium caninum

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12
Q

Hydatid worm

A

Echinococcus granulosus

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13
Q

embryonated egg as Infective stage

A

Hymenolepis nana
Enterobius
Ascaris
Trichuris

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14
Q

3rd stage larva filariform

A 
Filarial worms
Dirofilaria
Dracunculus
Angiostrongylus cantonensis
Anisakis
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15
Q

Schistosoma spp. infective stage

A

Cercaria

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16
Q

Taenia saginata infective stage

A

Cysticercus bovis

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17
Q

Dyphyllobothrium latum infective stage

A

Plerocercoid larva

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18
Q

Paragonimus infective stage

A

Metacercaria

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19
Q

Parasitology slides and control are used for _____

A

quality control purposes

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20
Q

appropriate collection container for stool sample

A

clean, dry, water-proof container with a tight-fitting lid

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21
Q

CDC recommends _______ stool samples, collected on separate days, be examined for O & P test

A

THREE or more

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22
Q

beyond 1 hour , stool samples must be ____

A

refrigerated

*formed stools

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23
Q

Diarrheic stools must be examined within _____ to _____ after passage

A

30 minutes to 1 hour

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24
Q

What form is fragile and could be destroyed at refrigerator temperature

A

Trophozoite

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25
Q

interferes with identification of protozoan cysts

A

Mineral oil droplets

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26
Q

emulsifying agent for stool and stains nuclei of protozoans

A

Lugol’s iodine

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27
Q

stain recommended for intestinal microsporidia

A

Modified trichrome stain

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28
Q

stain recommended for intestinal coccidia

A

Modified trichrome stain

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29
Q

preservative for direct fecal smear

A

Formalin

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30
Q

uses cellophane paper soaked in a mixture of Glycerine and malachite green

A

Kato-thick smear

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31
Q

test to detect eggs of enterobius

A

scotch tape swab

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32
Q

larva moving upwards in the harada mori culture technique

A

Strongyloides

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33
Q

larva moving downwards in the harada mori technique

A

Hookworm

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34
Q

concentration technique for detection of ova and cysts

A

Formalin-ether concentration technique

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35
Q

wrap sample in a cheese cloth & submerge it in a funnel filled with water

A

Baermann funnel technique

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36
Q

Baermann funnel technique is used to identify what parasite?

A

Strongyloides stercoralis

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37
Q

Zinc sulfate floatation method is NOT for?

A

operculated eggs, schistosomes, or infertile ascaris eggs

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38
Q

concentration test used to detect microfilariae

A

Knott’s concentration

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39
Q

xenodiagnosis is performed to detect

A

T. cruzi & T. spiralis

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40
Q

vector of ascaris lumbricoides

A

Coackroach

*Periplatena americana?

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41
Q

Ascaris egg without mamillary coating

A

Decorticated egg

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42
Q

peripheral blood picture in Loeffler’s syndrome

A

Peripheral eosinophilia

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43
Q

Heart-to-Lung-migration

A

Ascaris lumbricoides
Strongyloides stercoralis
Hookworms

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44
Q

severe itching/allergic reaction at the site of skin penetration by hookworm filariform larvae

A

Ground itch

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45
Q

feeding stage of nematodes (hookworm,threadworm)

A

Rhabditiform larvae

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46
Q

infective stage of nematodes (hookworm,threadworm)

A

Filariform larvae

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47
Q

intestinal nematode capable of vertical transmission & congenital infections

A

Ancylostoma duodenale

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48
Q

agent of cutaneous larva migrans or creeping eruption

A

Dog hookworm (A. caninum)

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49
Q

Agent of visceral larva migrans

A

Toxocara canis & T. cati

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50
Q

Adult female worm has the characteristics of barber’s pole uterine appearance

A

Angiostrongylus cantonensis

51
Q

most common identified species of filarial worms, sheathed and nocturnal

A

Wuchureria bancrofti

52
Q

worm with thick cuticle and large uterus with rhabtoid larvae

A

Dracunculus medinensis

53
Q

agent of river blindness

A

Onchocerca volvulus

54
Q

onchocerca volvulus specie vector

A

Blacklfy (simulium spp)

55
Q

Diagnostic test for Onchocerca volvulus

56
Q

Objective used to detect microfilariae

57
Q

Part of cestodes used for attachment to the intestinal walls

58
Q

Definitive host for T. solium

59
Q

How do you differentiate T. saginata from T. solium

A

T. saginata has tree-like branches; T. solium has finger-like branches

60
Q

In filipinos, adult Taenia (saginata) is commonly passed out in feces due to

A

Drinking alcohol

61
Q

stain to demonstrate uterine branches of Taenia spp.

62
Q

Intermediate hosts for T. asiatica

A

liver of pigs, cattle, goats, wild boars & monkeys

63
Q

T. asiatica adult resembles

A

T. saginata

64
Q

T. asiatica cysticerci is close to

65
Q

eggs that resemble pollen grains

A

Taenia spp.

66
Q

Dried proglottids of this parasite resemble grains of rice

A

Dipylidium caninum

67
Q

parasite that can cause megaloblastic anemia

68
Q

1st intermediate host of D. latum

69
Q

2nd intermediate host of D. latum

A

Freshwater fish

70
Q

lifespan of D. latum

71
Q

mistaken as adult D. latum

A

Spirometra

72
Q

describe the eggs of Hymenolepis dimunta

A

bile stained eggs with no bipolar filaments

73
Q

which of the following best describes the eggs of Taenia spp.

A

Hexacanth embryo with radial striations

74
Q

intermediate host of Echinococcus multilocularis

75
Q

Definitive host Echinococcus multilocularis

A

Foxes, coyotes, dogs

76
Q

fluke found in sheep and cattle

A

Fasciola hepatica

77
Q

Adult fluke with a prominent cephalic cone

A

F. hepatica

78
Q

Trematode that can cause Cholagiocarcinoma

A

C. sinensis
O. viverrini
Fasciola

79
Q

most fluke are hermaphroditic except for

A

Schistosoma

80
Q

stage of schistosomes that go out of the snail to go to water

81
Q

schistosoma spp. infects spp. by

A

Skin penetration

82
Q

swimmer’s itch or cercarial dermatitis is caused by

A

cercaria of schistosomes

83
Q

schistomsoma with small lateral knob/spine

A

S. japonicum

S. mekongi

84
Q

schistomsoma with large lateral spine

A

S. mansoni

85
Q

schistomsoma with terminal spine

A

S. haematobium

86
Q

schistomsoma with terminal spine , egg is acid fast

A

S. intercalatum

87
Q

Schistosome egg recovered in urine

A

S. haematobium

88
Q

Adult P. westermani resides on what organ

89
Q

2nd intermediate host of H. heterophyes, Clonorchis sinensis, Opistorchis felineus

90
Q

2nd intermediate host of P. westermani

A

Crab, CRAYFISH

91
Q

2nd intermediate host of F. hepatica, F. gigantica, F. buski

A

Plant/vegetation

92
Q

2nd intermediate host of E. ilocanum

93
Q

SREHP

A

Serine Rich Entamoeba histolytica protein

94
Q

mature cyst of entamoeba coli nuclei

A

up to 8 nuclei

95
Q

Sluggish non-directional motility, has a dirty cytoplasm

96
Q

Amoeba with a characteristic “basket nucleus”

A

E. gingivalis

97
Q

double-walled cyst with outer wrinkled wall & inner polygonal wall

A

Acanthamoeba spp.

98
Q

Associated with steatorrhea and Gay bowel syndrome

A

G. lamblia

99
Q

Causes “crypt” hypertrophy in the duodenum & subsequently diarrhea

A

G. lamblia

100
Q

Test for diagnosis of Giardia lamblia infection

A

Entero test - gelatin capsule with string

101
Q

protozoan with undulating membrane

A

Pentatrichomonas, trichomonas

102
Q

Plasmodium spp. responsible for 90% malarial cases

A

P. falciparum & P. vivax

103
Q

hypnozoites may be seen in malarial infections caused by

A

P. vivax & P. ovale

104
Q

Paroxysmal cycle of Plasmodium falciparum

105
Q

Paroxysmal cycle of Plasmodium malariae

106
Q

definitive host of plasmodium spp

A

Female anopheles mosquito

107
Q

principal vector of malaria in the philippines

A

Anopheles minimus flavirostris

108
Q

Malaquick standby malaria test

A

Histidine-Rich protein 2

109
Q

Histidine-Rich protein 2 is produced by

A

Plasmodium falciparum

110
Q

Parasite lactate dehydrogenase is produced by what Plasmodium spp?

A

all four plasmodium spp

111
Q

Gold standard for detection of malaria

A

Giemsa smear

112
Q

Oocyst of this parasite can be reecovered in cat feces

A

Toxoplasma gondii

113
Q

Patient with cerebral calcification must be tested with

A

Toxoplasma antibody titer

114
Q

important cause of Chorioretinitis

A

Toxoplasma

115
Q

Parasite that can undergo autofluorescence

A

Cyclospora

116
Q

Agent of West African sleeping sickness

A

T. brucei gambiense

*Gambian disease

117
Q

Agent of East African sleeping sickness

A

T. brucei rhodesiense

118
Q

Agent of Chaga’s disease

119
Q

Agent of Kala-azar/Dumdum fever/Visceral Leishmaniasis

A

Leishmania donovani

120
Q

Infective stage of Leishmania spp. to humans

A

Promastigote

121
Q

Agent of “crabs”

A

Pthuris pubis

122
Q

Scabies is a type of

A

Iinfestation

123
Q

Also known as “head louse”

A

Pediculus humanus capitis

124
Q

Ticks, bed bugs, mites, spiders

A

Wingless arthropods

Parasitology - review (6 decks)

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