Questions, Theories, & Hypotheses

Question 1

Clinical Questions

Answer 1

-The first step to conducting research

Question 2

Clinical Questions- bottom line

Answer 2

What interventions work, what don’t, and why?

Question 3

Background Questions

Answer 3

• Focus on natural evolution of a condition or medical/surgical management of the condition
• Does not focus on the PT component
• Help clinicians understand the clinical context of a patient’s situation to help guide plan of care

Question 4

“How long will it take for a total knee arthroplasty incision ot heal?” and “What are the side ffects of steroid treatment for asthma?” Are examples of what kinds of questions?

Answer 4

Background Questions

Question 5

Foreground Questions

Answer 5

Helps clinicians make decisions about specific PT management of a condition

Question 6

Foreground Questions contain four key elements:

Answer 6

1) Relevant pt details
2) Specific diagnostic tets, clinical measure, predictive factor, intervention, clinical prediction rule, outcome, or self-report outcomes measure
3) A comparison test, measure, predictive factor, intervention, clinical prediction rule, outcome, or self-report measure
4) Consequence of interest for the diagnostic test, clinical measure, predictive factor, intervention, clinical prediction rule, outcome, or self-report measure

Question 7

Foreground questions include questions about: (6)

Answer 7

• Diagnostic Tests
• Clinical measures
• Prognostic factors
• Interventions
• Clinical prediction rules
• Self-report outcome measures

Question 8

Research Question

Answer 8

A specific objective statement about what you want to research; needs to be not too broad to answer but not so small that it isn’t significant

Question 9

Forms of Research Questions (3):

Answer 9

• question
• Purpose statement
• problem statement

Question 10

Concept (def)

Answer 10

-Mental image of an observable phenomenon that is described in words

Question 11

Construct (def)

Answer 11

-non-observable entity created for a specific research purpose that is defined by observable measures

Question 12

Flexibility described in degrees of joint motion is an example of a:

Answer 12

Concept

Question 13

Motivation described by attendance and active participation in a program is an example of a:

Answer 13

Construct

Question 14

Theory (def)

Answer 14

An organized set of relationships among concepts or constructs that is used to systematically describe/explain a phenomenon

Question 15

Conceptual frameworks (def)

Answer 15

Describe relationships among concepts and constructs, but are not elaborate enough to explain the intricacies of the phenomenon

Question 16

Nagi’s model of disablement process and WHO’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) are examples of:

Answer 16

Conceptual frameworks

Question 17

Hypotheses (def)

Answer 17

Stand-alone statements which offer predictions about the outcome of a study; derived from theoretical or conceptual models

Question 18

Two types of Hypotheses:

Answer 18

1) Null Hypothesis (H0)

2) Research Hypothesis (HA)

Question 19

Null Hypothesis (H0) (def) aka Statistical Hypothesis

Answer 19

Statement which predicts “NO difference/relationship” between groups or variables’ results may be due to chance alone rather than the experiement

Question 20

Research Hypothesis (HA) (def) aka Alternative Hypothesis

Answer 20

Statement which predicts a Difference/relationship between groups or variables; may be directional in nature