Questions on practice tests Flashcards
How do confocal microscopes work?
Use a laser to scan samples that have been dyed
How do bright field microscopes work?
Have objectives above stage
If a plasmid has 3 sites for a restriction enzyme, how many fragments will it have?
3
Electroporation
Used to transform bacteria
PCR optimal conditions
Priner, DNA, dNTPs, and Buffer kept constant- temp 75-95 C
Which of the following should NOT be used to kill DNA?
1. UV light
2. Bleach
3. Alcohol
Alcohol
Enzymes work best in a (wide/narrow) pH range
Narrow
Which will give you better seperation on DNA running bands?
1. Higher % agarose gel
2. Lower % agarose gel
3. + voltage, - running time
4. + voltage, _ running time
Higher % agarose gel
In gel electrophoresis, bigger bands move to the (top/bottom) of the gel
Top
Which can be used to deliver new DNA to a cell?
1. Lipid
2. Plasmid
3. Virus
4. All
All of the above
What is used to amplify DNA in PCR?
1. Phosphate
2. Restriction enzyme
3. Ligase
4. DNA polymerase
DNA polymerase
Can monoclonal anitbodies be produced in human cells?
Yes
Why is there a blocking step in a Western Blot?
To prevent non specific binding of antibodies used for detection
What type of polymerase is used for PCR?
Heat-stable DNA polymerase
What is a horizontal gel electrophoresis box used for?
Running DNA gels
What is a vertical gel electrophoresis box used for?
Protein gels
What does SDS page determine?
Size/purity of a specific protein
What is the time a protein stays active called?
Stability
What is the level of protein activity called?
Activity
What type of respiration uses O2 as a raw material?
Aerobic
What type of respiration is a process where glucose is used by a cell?
Aerobic and anaerobic
What type of respiration releases CO2 and ethyl alcohol?
Anaerobic respiration
What type of respiration uses CO2 as a raw material?
Neither
Prokaryotic DNA structure
Long, circular, 1000s o genes
What is semi-conservative replication?
The process in DNA replication where each original strand serves as a template for a new strand
When does transcription begin?
When RNA polymerase binds to the promoter on a DNA strand
What enzyme is used in DNA replication?
DNA polymerase
Where does translation take place in prokaryotes?
Ribosomes
If a bacterial cell didn’t contain restriction enzymes, what would happen?
It would be easily lysed and infected by bacteriophages.
Complementary base pairing between 2 DNA structures is due to formation of what?
Hydrogen bonds
What does cellulose do?
Only provides energy storage and structure in cells
Which of the following could use sugar to produce energy without O2?
1. Bacterial
2. Yeast
3. Animal (muscle)
4. All of the above
All of the above
Where does protein synthesis happen?
The cytoplasm
What is an epitope?
The part of an antigen recognized by the immune system
A tech performs an ELISA using primary antibody with mouse Ig62a isotype to analyze patient blood samples. Which would be best?
1. Mouse anti-human
2. Mouse anti-rabbit
3. Human anti-rabbit
4. Rabbit anti-mouse
(True/False)- Shaking isn’t necessary to oxygenate aerobic liquid culture for optimal growth.
False
A tech is asked to determine the size of a PCR product, and runs it on a gel. The PCR band is well above (much closer to wells) than the DNA ladder bands. How should the tech proceed determining the size of a PCR product the next time samples are run?
- Run gel at a lower voltage
- Run gel at higher voltage
- Use a DNA ladder with larger fragments
- Use a DNA ladder with smaller fragments
3
Is a plasmid has 2 bands, how many restriction sites does it have?
2
What event caused the advent of recombinant DNA technology?
Isolation of restriction enzymes
What are the steps to launch a new drug?
Identifying product, research and development, clinical trials, manufacturing, sales
What are the steps to bring a biopharm product to market?
Research and development, process development, small scale manufacturing, large scale manufacturing
Who regulates cGMPs?
FDA
What does QA handle?
maintaining and controlling documentation
What is Assay Validation?
Providing documented evidence that a method works
What is the proper way to correct an incorrect date on paperwork?
Cross out with a single line, initial and date it
What does a water bath do?
Regulate the temperature of anything subjected to heat
Why would you only want to change part of a viral, interacting molecule on a cell?
To allow it to retain its original functions
(True/false) All biohazard waste must be biologically inactivated before being disposed of as regular trash.
True
