Questions I got wrong P2

Question 1

Why does the gradient of a rate of reaction graph decrease as time increases

Answer 1

• Concentration of reactant falls
• Rate of reaction decreases

Question 2

What catalyst is used in epoxyethane production and what are the hazards associated with the process?

Answer 2

Silver catalyst
- Highly carcinogenic
- Very flammable

Question 3

Why is epoxyethane very reactive?

Answer 3

CO bond is 60° rather than 109.5°
Strained bond angle

Question 4

What happens when a reaction mixture is refluxed and whys it necessary in oxidation of ethanoic acid?

Answer 4

• Mixture of liquids is heated to boiling point
  for a prolonged time
• Vapour is formed which escapes from the
  liquid mixture, is changed back into liquid
  and returned to the liquid mixture
• Any ethanal and ethanol that initially
  evaporates can then be oxidised

Question 5

Whys it possible to separate ethanal from ethanol and ethanoic acid?

Answer 5

Hydrogen bonding in ethanol and ethanoic acid, not in ethanal
Ethanal has weaker intermolecular forces

Question 6

What process used to gain high yield of alkenes from alkane and whys it used in industry?

Answer 6

DONT SAY MORE USEFUL - Alkenes more expensive/valuable/profitable

Question 7

Hazard warning for HCl

Answer 7

Corrosive

Question 8

Explain why catalysts don’t affect position of equilibrium

Answer 8

Catalysts increase rate of both forward and backward reaction
Increase in rate is the same

Question 9

Why can butan-1-ol be described as a biofuel

Answer 9

Produced from renewable biological resources

Question 10

Essential conditions for production of ethanol by fermentation

Answer 10

25°C
Yeast present
Absence of oxygen

Question 11

Carbon neutral meaning

Answer 11

Activity that has no net carbon emissions

Question 12

Main advantage of glucose from crops for production of ethanol

Answer 12

Renewable

Question 13

Disadvantage of using crops for ethanol production

Answer 13

Produces unpure ethanol which needs further processing
Not carbon neutral
Slow rate of reaction

Question 14

Why are halogenoalkanes not used to make ethanol in industry

Answer 14

• Doesn’t produce high yield
• Slow rate of reaction
• Bromoethane is expensive

Question 15

Suitable catalyst for electrophilic addition to make alcohols + conditions

Answer 15

Concentrated H2SO4
- Excess ethane
- High temperature
- 50 Atm pressure