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Pre Reg 2024 Okemadu > Questions I Got Wrong > Flashcards

Questions I Got Wrong Flashcards

1
Q

What class of drug is indapamide?

A

Thiazide-like diuretics

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2
Q

What classification is Isosorbide mononitrate?

A

P - so can be bought OTC

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3
Q

What is the strange side effect of spironolatone?

A

Gynacomastia

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4
Q

What is the treatment for trigeminal neuralgia?

A

Carbamazepine

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5
Q

What can cause insulin needs to drop?

A

Stress

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6
Q

Why is ramipril preferred over catopril?

A

Ramipril is OD
Catopril is TDS

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7
Q

What is the treatment for uncomplicated clamydia?

A

Azithromycin 1g stat for 1 day, then 500mg BD for 2 days

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8
Q

What is the treatment for uncomplicated gonorrhoea?

A

Azithromycin 2g stat

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9
Q

What is the treatment for Lyme disease?

A

Doxycycline 200mg daily in 1-2 divided doses for 21 days

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10
Q

What is the dosing for doxycycline used as malaria prophylaxis?

A

100mg OD

start 1-2 days before entering the endemic area and continue for 4 weeks after leaving

Same dose for both adults and children (over 12 years)

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11
Q

What is a side effect of rivaroxaban?

A

Anaemia

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12
Q

What is a side effect of theophylline? (4)

A

GORD
Tremor
Skin reactions
Hyperuricaemia

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13
Q

How should theophylline levels be monitored?

A

Take levels 5 days after starting and 3 days after any dose change

4-6 hours post oral dose

Target 10-20mg/L

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14
Q

When should warfarin be reviewed and potentially switched?

A

2 INRs less than 1.5
2 INRs greater than 5
1 INR greater than 8 in the past 6 months
A time in therapeutic range of less than 65%

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15
Q

How long before referral for sinusitis?

A

10 days

Is likely viral so reassure that is self limiting and provide pain relief

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16
Q

Scabies treatment

A

Permethrin - apply to whole body (apart from head) for 8-12 hours then wash off
Repeat this in a week

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17
Q

Paracetamol dosing in 3 month old child

A

60mg QDS

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18
Q

What are the treatments for gestational hypertension and preeclampsia?

A

1st line: labetalol
2nd line: nifedipine
3rd line: methyldopa

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19
Q

What is the treatment for mastitis during breast feeding? What if they are penicillin allergic?

A

1st line: fluclox
2nd line: erythromycin

Treat for 10-14 days

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20
Q

How should impetigo be treated? What about bullous or if they are systemically unwell?

A

Fusidic acid 2% TDS for 5 days
Mupirosin 2% TDS for 5 days if resistant to fusidic acid

Oral if systemic symptoms:
Flucloxacillin 500mg QDS for 5 days

If pen allergy:
Clarithromycin or erythromycin (pregnancy)

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21
Q

When should gradual withdrawal of corticosteroids be considered? (6)

A

More than 40mg prednisolone for more than 1 week
Repeated evening doses
More than 3 weeks of treatment
Recently received repeated courses
Taken a short course within 1 year of stopping long-term therapy
Other possible causes of adrenal suppression

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22
Q

Which cytotoxic drugs do NOT cause bone-marrow suppression?

A

Vincristine and bleomycin

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23
Q

Which cytotoxic drugs do not cause bone-marrow depression? (2)

A

Vincristine and bleomycin

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24
Q

When should gradual withdrawal of corticosteroids be considered? (6)

A

Taken more than 40 mg oral prednisolone daily or equivalent for more than 1 week.

Taken repeated evening doses of corticosteroids.

Received more than 3 weeks of corticosteroid treatment.

Recently received repeated courses of corticosteroids (especially if taken for longer than 3 weeks)

A history of previous long-term therapy (months or years).

Other possible causes of adrenal suppression, such as excessive alcohol consumption or stress.

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25
How frequently should liver function tests be performed in patients taking amiodarone?
Before starting and every 6 months
26
What are the contraindications for sildenafil?
Recent stroke or MI Systolic BP below 90 mmHg Hereditary degenerative retinal disorders
27
Which DOACs are more appropriate for a patient with dyspepsia?
Apixaban or Edoxaban
28
Within how many days can a patient take a missed dose of methotrexate?
2 days If 3 or more days late then the patient must contact a doctor or specialist for advice
29
How long should a patient wait to conceive after stopping methotrexate? (Both male and female)
6 months
30
Is a stye bacterial or viral? How is it treated?
Bacterial Soak a clean flannel in warm water and hold against the eye for 5-10 minutes Repeat this 3 or 4 times a day
31
What needs to be monitored when taking methylphenidate?
Pulse BP Appetite Weight and height Psychiatric symptoms Measure theses at initiation, following any dose adjustments and every 6 months thereafter
32
Which TB drug can cause ocular toxicity?
Ethambutol
33
What are the symptoms of phenytoin overdose?
Nystagmus Slurred speech Diplopia (double vision) Ataxia Confusion Hyperglycaemia
34
What is the drug therapy for stable angina?
1st: Beta blocker or CCB Then, use both together (dihydropyridine CCB e.g amlodipine) 2nd: Long acting nitrate OR ivabradine OR nicorandil OR ranolazine
35
At what percentile is a child a) over weight and b) very overweight
a) 91st and above b) 98th and above
36
When are lithium levels taken?
12 hours post dose or just before next dose (trough)
37
What HRT should be provided for a patient whose last period was less than 12 months ago and has no risk factors for VTE?
Cyclical combined HRT tablets
38
Can hypothyroidism cause constipation?
Yes
39
What are the brand names for the very potent topical corticosteroids? (2) What are the active ingredients?
Dermovate (clobetasol) Nerisone forte (diflutocotolone)
40
What is the active ingredient of Elocon and what is the potency?
Mometasone 0.1% Potent
41
What potency is betamethasone valarate 0.1%?
Potent
42
What is the potency if cuticate? What is the active ingredient?
Potent Fluticasone
43
Which topical corticosteroids are classed as mild?
Hydrocortisone 0.1-2.5% Synalar 1 in 10 dilution
44
What is in Eumovate and what is the potency?
Clobetasone butyrate 0.05% Moderate
45
What is in diprosone cream and what is the potency?
Betametasone dipropionate 0.05% Potent
46
What potency is betnovate-RD?
Moderate
47
What is the difference between fusidin and fucibet?
Fusidin has hydrocortisone therefore mild Fusibet has betamethasone 0.1% in therefore potent
48
What complementary therapies can be considered for vasomotor symptoms of the menopause?
Black cohosh Isoflavones
49
What are the risks of tamoxifen?
Endometrial cancer Thromboembolism
50
What is the main caution for letrozole?
Osteoporosis
51
What is the treatment for breast cancer for both pre/post-menopausal women and men?
For pre-menopause and men: tamoxifen For post-menopause: aromatase inhibitor e.g letrozole (2nd line tamoxifen)
52
If a patient with breast cancer has been previously treated with tamoxifen, what should be offered?
Aromatase inhibitor (letrozole)
53
What is 1st line for urinary incontinence?
Anticholinergics immediate release: Oxybutynin Tolteridone Darifenacin
54
When should you review anticholinergic treatment for urinary incontinence?
4 weeks after starting If effective, review again @ 12 weeks then every 12 months (6 months of over 75 years)
55
Which drugs cause blue/green urine?
Amitriptyline Cimetidine Promethazine Indometacin
56
Sulfasalazine turns urine what colour?
Yellow/orange
57
Phenytoin turns urine what colour?
Pink/brown
58
Levodopa turns urine what colour?
Reddish / darker in colour
59
The ‘rubacins turn urine what colour?
Pink/red (1-2 days post treatment)
60
Senna turns urine what colour?
Yellow/red
61
What are the P450 inducers?
Carbamazepine Rifampicin Alcohol Phenytoin Griseofulvin Phenobarbitone Sulfonureas / St John’s wort / smoking
62
What are the P450 inhibitors?
Sodium valproate Isoniazid Cimetidine Ketoconazole Fluconazole Alcohol and grapefruit juice Chloramphenicol Erythromycin Sulfonamides Ciprofloxacin Omeprazole Metronidazole
63
Patients which a sensitivity to which drug class should avoid tacrolimus?
Macrolides (cross-sensitivity)

Pre Reg 2024 Okemadu (24 decks)

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