Questions from Test Bank

Question 1

Pancreas endocrine produces hormones while (____?____) produces digestive enzymes

Answer 1

• Ans: Exocrine
• Exocrine cells secrete enzymes into ducts
• Endocrine cells secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

Question 2

Which connective tissue is for multidirectional stress?

Answer 2

• Ans: dense irregular connective tissue
• Composed of thick bundles of collagen fibres

Question 3

What happens along with heart systole?

Answer 3

• Ans: Closing of bicuspid and tricuspid valves (AV valves)
• Systole: Lub sound indicating closing of AV valves
• Dystole: Dub sound indicating closing of semilunar valves

Question 4

Gas exchange between interstitial fluid and cell is called…?

Answer 4

• Ans: Internal respiration
• Internal respiration: Gas exchange between blood and body tissues

Question 5

Which juice can digest all carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins?

Answer 5

• Ans: Pancreatic juice
• NOT intestinal juice: contains brush border enzymes that COMPLETE digestion of carbohydrates and proteins (e.g. Maltase, sucrase, lactase)

Question 6

What happens when the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract?

Answer 6

• Ans: Intrapleural pressure decreases
• Allows thoracic cavity to expand, increasing its volume → air flows into lungs for inhalation

Question 7

What does cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulate?

Answer 7

• Ans: Release of pancreatic enzymes, contraction of the gallbladder
• NOT bile production, only stimulates release of bile
• Bile is produced in the liver, then stored in the gallbladder

Question 8

What is the regional movement that occurs in the small intestine to churn and fragment digestive material?

Answer 8

• Ans: Segmentation
• Defined as the rhythmic contraction of the circular muscles in the intestinal wall → mix and churns chyme

Question 9

Why is gas exchange at the respiratory membrane made efficient?

Answer 9

• Ans: Substantial difference in partial pressure, lipid soluble gases, large SA

Question 10

What are the vitamins generated by bacteria in the colon?

Answer 10

• Ans: Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin K

Question 11

When activated, lysosomes function in…

Answer 11

• Ans: digestion of materials
• Lysosomes are filled with digestive enzymes to break down cellular waste/macromolecules

Question 12

What is the maximum amount of air that can be expired after a maximum inspiration?

Answer 12

• Ans: Vital capacity
• NOT expiratory reserve volume - additional air exhaled after forced expiration