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Psychiatry > questions > Flashcards

questions Flashcards

1
Q

what is the risk of using fluoxetine in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy?

A

persistent pulmnonary hypertension

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2
Q

what additional medication needs to be given & why

patient on SSRI & NSAID

A

give PPI due to risk of GI bleed

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3
Q

medication to manage the side effect of antipsychotic ‘tardive dyskinesia’

A

tetrabenzine

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4
Q

medication to manage side effect antipsychotis; of acute dystonia

A

procyclidine

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5
Q

mechanism of mirtazapine

A

noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants

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6
Q

2 side effects of mirtazapine

A
  • sedation

- increased apetitie

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7
Q

examples of typical antipsychotics and the common side effects

A

haloperidol
chlopromazine

extrapyramidal side efffets
hyperprolactinaemia

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8
Q

common side effects of TCAs

A
  • dry mouth
  • constipation
  • urinary retention
  • blurred vision
  • drowsiness
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9
Q

examples of serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (2)

A

duloxetine or venlafaxine

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10
Q

common side efffects of atypical antipsychotics & example

A

olanzapine

weight gain

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11
Q

the only atypical antipsychotic to reduce seizure threshold

A

clozapine

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12
Q

name 5 atypical antipsychoticS

A
  • olanzapine
  • clozapine
  • risperidone
  • apiprazole
  • quitietepine
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13
Q

what 2 side effects do all atyipcal antipsychotics cause

A
  • hyperprolactinaemia

- weight gain

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14
Q

which atypical antipsychotic is less likely to causes hyperprolactinaemia

A

apiprazole

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15
Q

which atypical antipsychotic is notorious for its associations with dyslipidaemia & weight gain?

A

olanzapine

its also associated with diabetes and sedation. It is for this reason that some patients are purposefully given olanzapine if they are underweight and cannot sleep.

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16
Q

most notable side effect of quitiepine

A

postural hypotension

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17
Q

rare serious side effect of clozapine

A

agranulocytosis

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18
Q

which medication can cause a mild increased WCC

A

lithium

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19
Q

whren does delerium tremens peak after alcohol withdrawal

A

72 hours

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20
Q

first line for delerium tremens

A

Chlordiazepoxide

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21
Q

urinary problem in TCA

A

overflow incontinence

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22
Q

SSRI electrolyte abnormality

A

hyponatraemia

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23
Q

common side effect of clozapine

A

constipation

24
Q

antidepressant of choice post MI

A

sertraline

25
Q

what can chronic lithiium toxicty cause?

A

hypothroidism

26
Q

the only absolute contraindication for ECT?

A

raised intracranial pressure

27
Q

factors suggesting depression rather than dementis?

A
  • depression has a short history and rapid onset
  • global memory loss ( as in dementia there is recent memory loss)
  • depression is associated with biological symptoims such as sleep disturbance & weight loss
28
Q

pattern of onset for depression & dementia

A

depression has a short history and a rapid onset

whereas dementia has a more gradual onset

29
Q

what are the 4 categories for schniders first rank symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

1) auditory hallucinations
2) thought disorders
3) passivity phenomena
4) delusional perceptions

30
Q

what is Erotmania

A

specific form of delusional disorder that is characterised here by the patient’s belief that a famous actor is in love with her, alongside no other symptoms suggesting psychosis or mood disturbance.

31
Q

poor prognostic factors for schizophrenia

A
  • gradual onset
  • pre morbid social withdrawal
  • strong family history
  • low IQ
  • lack of obvious precipitant
32
Q

what scale can be used to assess severity of alcohol withdrawal?

A

revised Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol (CIWA) scale

33
Q

malingering?

A

Lying or exaggerating

fraudulent simulation or exaggeration of symptoms with the intention of financial or other gain

34
Q

atypical antipsychotics in the elderly - increased risk of?

A

VTE & stroke

35
Q

venlafaxine mechanism

A

serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)

36
Q

most likely antidepressant to cause QT prolongation and Torsades de pointes

A

citalopraom (SSRI)

37
Q

Charles-Bonnet syndrome (CBS)

A

persistent or recurrent complex hallucinations (usually visual or auditory), occurring in clear consciousness. This is generally against a background of visual impairment (although visual impairment is not mandatory for a diagnosis). Insight is usually preserved. This must occur in the absence of any other significant neuropsychiatric disturbance.Charles-Bonnet syndrome (CBS)

38
Q

which patients should be on antidepressants for at least 2 years following a depressive episode?

A

High risk patients:

  • > 5 lifetime episodes
  • or 2 or more episodes in last few years
39
Q

common initial adverse effects of SSRI

A
  • mild nausea
  • dry mouth
  • sexual dysfunction
  • GI upset
40
Q

questionaire to assess patients mood in postnatal period?

A

EPDS (Edinburgh postnatal depression scale)

41
Q

which section should be used to detail patients when the diagnosis is unclear?

A

section 2

42
Q

medication used to deter a patient from drinking alcohol

A

Disulfiram

43
Q

medication for acute treatment of mania?

A

Olanzapine

44
Q

medication CI in lithium

A

Naproxen - as can reduce renal function when both taken

45
Q

what is the maximum duration of restriction that DoLS can place?

A

12 months, however can be extended

46
Q

2 medications that can be given for cognitive symptoms in lewy body dementia?

A

Donepezil & Rivastigmine

47
Q

what medication can cause exacerbation of neuropsychiatric and cognitive symptoms so should not be given in lewy body dementia

A

levadopa

48
Q

ACE 3 screening test

A

Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination III is a screening test that is composed of tests of attention, orientation, memory, language, visual perceptual and visuospatial skills. It is useful in the detection of cognitive impairment, especially in the detection of Alzheimer’s disease and fronto-temporal dementia

49
Q

medication to manage REM sleep disorder

A

clonazepam

50
Q

questionairre to assess ADHD

A

Connors

51
Q

what is the ONLY licensed pharmacological trx for aggressive behaviour in children?

A

Risperidone

52
Q

according to ICD 10, symptoms of ADHD should be present by when and for how long for diagnosis?

and DSM 5?

A

by age 6

with symptoms present for at least 6 months

DSM 5 = symptoms before age 12

53
Q

1st line for ADHD?

A

methyphenidate

54
Q

2nd line for AHDH & usuallly why?

A

atomoxetine

if the child has significant apetite suppression from the first line medx

55
Q

symptoms relating to innatention in ADHD

A
  • daydreaming
  • forgetfulness
  • appears not to lilsten
  • making mistakes
56
Q

side effects of methyphenidate

A
  • weight loss
  • hypertension
  • growth restruction
  • anxiety
  • tachycardia

Psychiatry (9 decks)

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