Questions Flashcards
Clinical presentation of asthma
Clinical Presentation of Asthma
1. Fast breathing 😮💨
2. Sudden breathlessness
3. Increased heart rate
4. Inability to complete sentence
5. Cough in children
6. Confusion and altered mental state
Investigations and treatment for asthma
FBC
Chest X-ray 🩻
Causes of clubbing
Chronic asthma
Congestive heart failure
Silicosis
Celiac disease
COPD
Bronchiectasis
Bronchitis
Asbestosis
Chronic liver disease 🦠
Causes of breathlessness
Bronchiectasis
Bronchitis
Asthma
COPD
Emphysema
Tuberculosis
Anaphylaxis
Pneumothorax
Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary edema
Investigations for pneumonia
2 ways to measure the severity of pneumonia
Chest X-ray 🩻
FBC
Blood🩸 culture and sensitivity
Sputum culture and sensitivity
COVID 19 testing
Arterial blood 🩸 gas
Chest CY scan
Chest ultrasound
Blood Urea
Nitrogen
2 ways to measure the severity of pneumonia
1. Pneumonia severity index
2. CURB 65
C— confusion
U— blood 🩸 in urea
R— Respiratory rate >30 in adult and >50 in children
B— low Blood pressure
65— extremes of age <5 years and > 65 years
How would you manage a 70 year old with pneumonia na
Admit
If severe put on oxygen
History taking
Initial assessment ABC
On C secure IV line with 2 large bore cannulas and take blood sample for investigations
Clinical features of pneumonia
Breathlessness
Cough
Dyspnea
Pleuritic chest pain
Tachypnea
Added breath sounds
Increased tactile fremitus
Dullness to percussion 🥁
Fever
Chills
Fatigue
Malaise
Anorexia
The usual cause of lobar pneumonia is strept pneumonia
Aspiration is stroke and seizures
Bronchopneumonia is staphylococcus aureus
Interstitial is PCP
Causes of chest pain
Complications of pneumonia
Sepsis
ARDS
Plural effusion
Empyema
Pneumothorax
Lung abscess
Septicemia
Respiratory failure
Risk factors and cause’s of pneumonia
Differentials for pneumonia
COPD
Pulmonary edema
Bronchiectasis
Pulmonary embolism
Lung cancer
Asthma
