Questioned Documents

Question 1

Diacritrics

Answer 1

The crossing of t’s or dotting of i’s or j’s

Question 2

Exemplar

Answer 2

a known sample that is used for comparison; also referred to as a
specimen

Question 3

Questioned Documents

Answer 3

the examination of handwriting, ink, paper, etc. to
ascertain the source or authenticity

Question 4

What are the two phases of Handwriting?

Answer 4

Hardware (ink, paper, etc); and visual examination of mechanics (flourishes, length of long letters, etc)

Question 5

What does the “A” in “ACE” stand for?

Answer 5

Analyze both the known and unknown writing separately

Question 6

What does the “C” in “ACE” stand for?

Answer 6

Compare the known writing and unknown writing

Question 7

What does the “E” in “ACE” stand for?

Answer 7

Evaluate the evidence of the known and unknown writing. Are they the from the same source?

Question 8

Does asking for your handwriting violate your rights?

Answer 8

Nope! (the 5th amendment [ Right to not self incriminate] and 4th amendment [search and seizure] DO NOT cover handwriting!)

Question 9

Forgery

Answer 9

writing or altering a document with
intent to defraud

Question 10

What is the role of the judge/jury in the context of QD?

Answer 10

Was the INTENT of the writer to defraud?

Question 11

What is the role of the forensic examiner?

Answer 11

Was the document altered/is the document authentic?

Question 12

What are the two ways to forge?

Answer 12

Freehand and Tracing

Question 13

Disguised Handwriting

Answer 13

A deception in which the writer attempts
to camouflage his/her handwriting

Question 14

Erasures

Answer 14

using an eraser to hide writing…

Question 15

How can erasures be revealed?

Answer 15

ultraviolet light, microscope, lycopodium powder

Question 16

Obliterations

Answer 16

destroy document or
obliterate the writing….

Question 17

How can obliterations be revealed?

Answer 17

(Even writing on
burned paper can be sprayed, treated with
chemicals, photographed and read!)

Question 18

Alterations

Answer 18

Overwriting (E —-> B)

Question 19

How can you show an alteration?

Answer 19

UV light

Question 20

Chromatography

Answer 20

process which
physically separate mixtures of
gases, liquids or dissolved pigments

Question 21

Step 1 of spotting a fake painting

Answer 21

Visual observation and low level magnification (describe what you’re looking at; style, paint materials, etc)

Question 22

Step 2 of spotting a fake painting

Answer 22

use cameras to observe layers of the electromagnetic spectrum (UV, xray, black light, harsh light)

Question 23

Step 3 of spotting a fake painting

Answer 23

Use xray flourescence to examine the elements of the paints used

Question 24

step 4 of spotting a fake painting

Answer 24

cut a small sample of the artwork, no bigger than the length of a hair

Question 25

step 5. of spotting a fake painting

Answer 25

Analyze sample in electron microscopy lab

Question 26

Step 6 of spotting a fake painting

Answer 26

Analyze sample using laser dispersive raman spectrometer

Question 27

Cipher

Answer 27

A message in which the **letters/symbols replace the actual letters in the message** based on algorithms

Question 28

What is a famous cipher?

Answer 28

Pig pen

Question 29

Code

Answer 29

Letter combinations or symbols used to replace words or concepts

Question 30

Steganography

Answer 30

Technique of hiding secret data within plain sight (w/in ordinary non secret files or messages to avoid detection)

Question 31

Cryptography

Answer 31

The art of writing/solving codes

Question 32

Decode/decipher

Answer 32

Read

Question 33

Graphology

Answer 33

Analysis of handwriting w/ an attempt at determining someone’s personality traits (not backed up w/ physical evidence)

Question 34

solubility

Answer 34

one factor which dictates how far a pigment will travel up a paper column

Question 35

laser dispersive raman spectrometer

Answer 35

A tool that will detect SYNTHETIC pigments in fake paintings

Question 36

Obliterations

Answer 36

destroyed writing

Question 37

RF value

Answer 37

a number; represents how far a compound moves in a solvent

Question 38

mobile phase

Answer 38

the solvent itself

Question 39

xray flourescence

Answer 39

detects elements comprising a pigment

Question 40

baseline

Answer 40

starting point of ink

Question 41

Chromatography

Answer 41

process that separates pigment into its components

Question 42

Xray fluorescence

Answer 42

detects the elements comprising a pigment

Question 43

Laser dispersive Raman spectrometer

Answer 43

a tool that will detect synthetic pigments in fake paintings

Question 44

Exemplar

Answer 44

A known writing sample

Question 45

Steganography

Answer 45

The science of sending concealed messages

Question 46

Xrays

Answer 46

Shows any metals in the pigments