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Forensics > Questioned Documents > Flashcards

Questioned Documents Flashcards

Memorize

1
Q

Diacritrics

A

The crossing of t’s or dotting of i’s or j’s

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2
Q

Exemplar

A

a known sample that is used for comparison; also referred to as a
specimen

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3
Q

Questioned Documents

A

the examination of handwriting, ink, paper, etc. to
ascertain the source or authenticity

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4
Q

What are the two phases of Handwriting?

A

Hardware (ink, paper, etc); and visual examination of mechanics (flourishes, length of long letters, etc)

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5
Q

What does the “A” in “ACE” stand for?

A

Analyze both the known and unknown writing separately

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6
Q

What does the “C” in “ACE” stand for?

A

Compare the known writing and unknown writing

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7
Q

What does the “E” in “ACE” stand for?

A

Evaluate the evidence of the known and unknown writing. Are they the from the same source?

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8
Q

Does asking for your handwriting violate your rights?

A

Nope! (the 5th amendment [ Right to not self incriminate] and 4th amendment [search and seizure] DO NOT cover handwriting!)

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9
Q

Forgery

A

writing or altering a document with
intent to defraud

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10
Q

What is the role of the judge/jury in the context of QD?

A

Was the INTENT of the writer to defraud?

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11
Q

What is the role of the forensic examiner?

A

Was the document altered/is the document authentic?

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12
Q

What are the two ways to forge?

A

Freehand and Tracing

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13
Q

Disguised Handwriting

A

A deception in which the writer attempts
to camouflage his/her handwriting

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14
Q

Erasures

A

using an eraser to hide writing…

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15
Q

How can erasures be revealed?

A

ultraviolet light, microscope, lycopodium powder

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16
Q

Obliterations

A

destroy document or
obliterate the writing….

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17
Q

How can obliterations be revealed?

A

(Even writing on
burned paper can be sprayed, treated with
chemicals, photographed and read!)

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18
Q

Alterations

A

Overwriting (E —-> B)

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19
Q

How can you show an alteration?

A

UV light

20
Q

Chromatography

A

process which
physically separate mixtures of
gases, liquids or dissolved pigments

21
Q

Step 1 of spotting a fake painting

A

Visual observation and low level magnification (describe what you’re looking at; style, paint materials, etc)

22
Q

Step 2 of spotting a fake painting

A

use cameras to observe layers of the electromagnetic spectrum (UV, xray, black light, harsh light)

23
Q

Step 3 of spotting a fake painting

A

Use xray flourescence to examine the elements of the paints used

24
Q

step 4 of spotting a fake painting

A

cut a small sample of the artwork, no bigger than the length of a hair

25
Q

step 5. of spotting a fake painting

A

Analyze sample in electron microscopy lab

26
Q

Step 6 of spotting a fake painting

A

Analyze sample using laser dispersive raman spectrometer

27
Q

Cipher

A

A message in which the letters/symbols replace the actual letters in the message based on algorithms

28
Q

What is a famous cipher?

A

Pig pen

29
Q

Code

A

Letter combinations or symbols used to replace words or concepts

30
Q

Steganography

A

Technique of hiding secret data within plain sight (w/in ordinary non secret files or messages to avoid detection)

31
Q

Cryptography

A

The art of writing/solving codes

32
Q

Decode/decipher

A

Read

33
Q

Graphology

A

Analysis of handwriting w/ an attempt at determining someone’s personality traits (not backed up w/ physical evidence)

34
Q

solubility

A

one factor which dictates how far a pigment will travel up a paper column

35
Q

laser dispersive raman spectrometer

A

A tool that will detect SYNTHETIC pigments in fake paintings

36
Q

Obliterations

A

destroyed writing

37
Q

RF value

A

a number; represents how far a compound moves in a solvent

38
Q

mobile phase

A

the solvent itself

39
Q

xray flourescence

A

detects elements comprising a pigment

40
Q

baseline

A

starting point of ink

41
Q

Chromatography

A

process that separates pigment into its components

42
Q

Xray fluorescence

A

detects the elements comprising a pigment

43
Q

Laser dispersive Raman spectrometer

A

a tool that will detect synthetic pigments in fake paintings

44
Q

Exemplar

A

A known writing sample

45
Q

Steganography

A

The science of sending concealed messages

46
Q

Xrays

A

Shows any metals in the pigments

Forensics (5 decks)

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