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Impressions Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of impression evidence?

A

Imprints, indentations, and striations

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2
Q

Imprints

A

Made when material from one area is transferred to another (2D)

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3
Q

What is another name for an imprint?

A

Rubber stamping

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4
Q

What do impressions entail?

A

Shoeprints

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5
Q

What can you learn from an impression?

A

How they walk, shoe size, how old the shoe is, damage to shoe

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6
Q

Indentations

A

Made when an object pushes into material which is SOFTER than the object itself. (3D)

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7
Q

What’s another name for an indentation?

A

“Squishing down”

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8
Q

Striations

A

An indented impression in motion (“Deep scratches”)

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9
Q

What can footprints/shoeprints tell you?

A

Range of height, path to the weapon, length of stride, stance, “pigeon-toed”,”Slew-footed”, limp, walking style/gait (rhythm), whether you’re standing, walking, or running, entry/exit

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10
Q

What does it mean when someone is “pigeon-toed”

A

Natural inpointing of toes

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11
Q

What does it mean when someone is “Slew-Footed”

A

Natural outpointing of toes

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12
Q

What are the 3 basic shoeprints?

A

Patent, plastic, latent

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13
Q

Patent

A

tracking through a substance like paint or blood

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14
Q

Plastic

A

walking through mud or snow indenting the shoeprint along the way

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15
Q

Latent

A

Shoeprints that are invisible to the naked eye (must be revealed)

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16
Q

are shoeprints considered class evidence or individual evidence?

A

Class

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17
Q

Why are shoeprints class evidence?

A

You can only identify the manufacturer and size of the shoe

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18
Q

How do you make your shoes individual/”your own”?

A

Wear patterns, cuts, nicks, scratches, gouges, and stones

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19
Q

Cast

A

A reproduction of an object that made an impression, a positive replica

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20
Q

Mold

A

A reproduction of the impression made by an object, a negative replica?

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21
Q

What is a negative replica?

A

Remake of the INDENT

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22
Q

What is a positive replica?

A

Remake of the OBJECT THAT MADE THE INDENT

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23
Q

Are molds positive or negative replicas?

A

Negative

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24
Q

Are casts positive or negative replicas?

A

Positive

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25
What led to David Haughn phoning 911 to report that Catherine Woods had been murdered?
David entered her apartment and found her dead.
26
Why were police investigators suspicious of David Haughn early in the investigation?
David was the last person to see Catherine alive.
27
What did Paul Cortez tell Catherine Woods’ parents she should stop doing?
Catherine should stop topless dancing.
28
Where were bloody shoe prints found at the scene? (Cortez/Woods)
one in the living room, two on Catherine’s bed, one on Catherine’s back
29
What is true about the information gained from the shoeprint evidence (Cortez/Woods)?
The size of the shoe indicated that Paul Cortez was guilty.
30
What piece of evidence broke this case (Cortez/woods) wide open?
The confession of a victim
31
Where was Paul Cortez when he placed a series of phone calls to Catherine just minutes before her murder?
from a building down the block from the crime scene
32
What information led police to obtain a search warrant for Paul Cortez’s apartment?
A surveillance video
33
Paul Cortez was charged and found guilty of
Second degree murder
34
What can be said about the shoe impressions in this case? (Cortez/Woods)
The shoe impressions gave reason to further investigate the case.
35
How did Mary Lou Arruda die in the woods?
Strangulation
36
What did five different witness see in the area where Mary Lou Arruda disappear?
A green car driven by an unknown man
37
What crime had James Kater been convicted of in 1969?
abduction and assault of a 13 year-old girl
38
What two pieces of physical evidence were found near Mary Lou's bicycle?
a cigarette and tire impressions
39
Evidence that helped support the theory that James Kater hit Mary Lou with his car was
a black mark on the front fender of his car
40
What was indicated about the tire tracks in the Kater/Lou case?
There had been acceleration, and there was an abnormal wear pattern.
41
Forensic odontology
Uses dental evidence in the court of law
42
Who will forensic odontologists often work with?
forensic pathologists and anthropologists
43
What can an odontologist discover?
Age estimations on skeletons, ID victims
44
What would physical characteristics of a bite mark show?
distance from cuspid to cuspid, shape of mouth arch, unique dentistry, teeth out of alignment, curve of biting edges
45
Are bite marks more commonly used for identifying suspects or victims (remains)?
Victims (DNA preserved well in tooth pulp, teeth remain intact through most trauma)
46
The 215 means the ___ of the tire code P215/65R15 in mm
width
47
the rhythm of your walk
gait
48
A two dimensional impression
impression
49
A column of islands of the design element
rib
50
your step length
stride
51
The 'P' means ___ of the tire code P215/65R15
passenger
52
The ratio of the height of a tire to its width
Aspect ratio
53
Place where your shoeprint starts can pinpoint the ___ of a crime scene
entrance
54
Transferring invisible material (dust, for example) makes a ___ shoeprint impression.
latent
55
The main vertical indentation "highway" of a tire tread
groove
56
the bars of a tire thread that tell you to get new tires
tread wear indicators
57
Walking through mud and pushing down into it makes a ___ impression.
plastic
58
The way you stand is your ___.
stance
59
The length from the hubcap to the hubcap of a car
wheelbase
60
The 'R' means ___ of the tire code P215/65R15
radial
61
toes pointed inward
pigeon toed
62
feet pointed outward
slew footed
62
An impression made when an object pushes into material softer than itself
indentation
63
65 of the tire code P215/65R15
Aspect ratio
64
tracking mud makes a ___ impression
patent
65
Place where your shoeprint ends can pinpoint the ___ of a crime scene
exit
66
A transverse groove of a tire tread
sipe
67
the island of a tire thread
lug

Forensics (5 decks)

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