questionaires Flashcards
What is the primary focus of functionalist theories of crime?
The primary focus is on how crime serves a function in society, contributing to social stability and order.
True or False: Functionalist theories view crime purely as a negative phenomenon.
False
Fill in the blank: According to functionalist theories, crime can promote _______ by reinforcing societal norms.
social cohesion
What do functionalist theorists argue about the role of deviance in society?
They argue that deviance can clarify societal norms and values.
Which functionalist sociologist is known for discussing the concept of anomie?
Émile Durkheim
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of crime according to functionalist theory? A) Promoting social change B) Reinforcing social norms C) Causing widespread panic D) Clarifying moral boundaries
C) Causing widespread panic
What is the concept of anomie as described by Durkheim?
Anomie refers to a state of normlessness where societal norms are confused or absent.
True or False: Functionalist theories suggest that crime is an inevitable part of social life.
True
How do functionalist theories view the relationship between crime and social change?
They see crime as a catalyst for social change, allowing societies to adapt and evolve.
What role does punishment play in functionalist theories of crime?
Punishment serves to reaffirm societal norms and deter future deviance.
Multiple Choice: According to functionalism, crime can lead to which of the following? A) Increased social integration B) Decreased social cohesion C) Heightened individualism D) None of the above
A) Increased social integration
What is one criticism of functionalist theories of crime?
They may overlook the social inequalities that contribute to criminal behavior.
Fill in the blank: Functionalist theories often emphasize the _______ aspect of crime in maintaining social order.
stabilizing
Which term describes the process by which society collectively responds to crime?
Social reaction
True or False: Functionalist theories assert that all crime is detrimental to society.
False
What is the primary focus of Marxist theories of crime?
The primary focus is on the relationship between capitalism and crime, emphasizing how economic structures influence criminal behavior.
True or False: Marxist theories of crime argue that crime is solely an individual choice.
False
Fill in the blank: According to Marxist theory, the ruling class uses laws to protect their _______.
interests
What do Marxist criminologists believe about the role of law in society?
They believe that law is a tool of oppression used by the ruling class to control the working class.
Which concept describes the idea that crime is a product of social inequality?
Relative deprivation
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a key figure associated with Marxist theories of crime? A) Emile Durkheim B) Karl Marx C) Max Weber D) Sigmund Freud
B) Karl Marx
What is the term used to describe the criminal justice system’s bias against the working class?
Class bias
True or False: Marxist theories of crime suggest that all crime is economically motivated.
False
What do Marxist theorists suggest is a consequence of capitalism on crime rates?
They suggest that capitalism leads to increased crime due to inequality and competition.
Fill in the blank: Marxist theories argue that the media often portrays crime as a problem of _______ rather than a symptom of economic conditions.
individual morality
What is ‘state crime’ according to Marxist criminology?
State crime refers to illegal or harmful acts committed by government officials in pursuit of their jobs.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following best represents the Marxist view of corporate crime? A) It is less serious than street crime B) It is a natural part of capitalism C) It is often punished more severely than street crime D) It is a myth
B) It is a natural part of capitalism
What role does ideology play in Marxist theories of crime?
Ideology shapes perceptions of crime and influences which behaviors are deemed criminal, often favoring the ruling class.
True or False: According to Marxist theories, crime can be understood without considering the economic context.
False
What is the term for the process by which the ruling class maintains control over the working class through legal means?
Legal social control
