Question Types

Question 1

MP - Main Point/ Conclusion

Answer 1

Get tunnel vision - find the CONCLUSION.. Paraphrase AC in a more General way.

Concl. in 1st/2nd sentence. Don’t choose the last statement and put THUS in, it’s too easy, nothing to test. THEREFORE, always means conclusion.

Question 2

MP - Main Point/ Conclusion (Part Two)

Answer 2

Conclusion at the end of a convoluted argument plus conclusion indicator, plus it’s the last statement –> too easy.

All of the stimulus is used to support the conclusion, thereby, AC.

Question 3

MSS - Most Strongly Supported

Answer 3

It GENERALIZES. Zero in on ONE or TWO sentences that’s supported in the stimulus then RESTATE in a more general way.

Put two pieces of info you learned together and state it generally, it will be supported.

Question 4

MSS - Most Strongly Supported

Answer 4

Some questions - you’re asked to draw a conclusion. Stimulus flows into AC. Like inference but less valid.

Question 5

Weaken

Answer 5

Attempting to refute an argument by showing that, contrary to what has been claimed, the truth of the premises does not guarantee the truth of the conclusion.

EXPOSE or DENY assumptions, thereby weakening the support structure between the premise and conclusion.

Question 6

Weaken (Part Two)

Answer 6

How well premise supports conclusion.

Take away the support of the relationship.

Even though your premises are true, your conclusion is less likely because of AC.

Question 7

Necessary Assumption

Answer 7

Find forgotten premise that is left out of argument and makes the conclusion valid. If you put it in, it will support the argument.

Very Subtle - hard to notice.

GENERAL THINGS that apply to everything.
Negate - argument falls apart (weakness of the argument). It’s not the case that…

Shield - protect your argument from being wrecked.

Bridge - point out gaps in the logic of the argument.

Question 8

Trick
Picking answer choice - E.
So you don’t have to re-read A, B, C, and D again.

Answer 8

Pick E because you’re confused.

Question 9

Principle

Answer 9

Conditional statement about behavior that you apply.

Question 10

Method

Answer 10

Descriptive - describes how premise supports conclusion

Referential phrasing / Abstract language used as evidence to support a claim.
What claim?

Question 11

Method (Part Two)

Answer 11

Supplies a map to logical reasoning.

AC’s use verbs to describe the argument
entire thing is subject / predicate. Evaluate AC words.

Question 12

Method (Argument Part)

Answer 12

Usually conclusion is in 1st / 2nd sentence. Uses sub-conclusions.

Question 13

Resolve Method of Reasoning

Answer 13

Vague!!!
Given two sets of statements that appear to be contradiction but it’s not. You’re given wiggle room. Explain the phenomenon. It’s begging for an explanation.

Question 14

Parallel (Flaw)

Answer 14

Need to anticipate AC’s.

Question 15

Sufficient Assumption

Most Helps to Justify.

Answer 15

Supply the missing Premise, even if random/ bizarre.

Use logic

X
(if X then Y) — find this
__________
Y

Question 16

Must be True

Answer 16

Map – Use logic.
Given all the premises to make a valid argument, your job is to find the conclusion

Make distinction between separate ideas.

Physical / Psychological
Science / We don’t know

Because, For, Since, Premise/Conclusion.

Question 17

Psuedo Sufficient Assumption

Most help to Justify

Answer 17

Like Principle questions.

A ‘ (tiny assume) like MSS, not 100%airtight
A —> B
_______
B

Question 18

Flaw

Answer 18

Never attack the Premise.

1. Identify a Flaw
2. Apply to the argument.