Question Rewiew Flashcards
most common noscomial blood stream infection
Coag neg Staph, Staph Aureus, Enterococci, Candida
Primary signs of bacterial vaginosis
Fishy odor, no vaginal inflammation, elevated pH greater than 4.5, positive with test. Likely pathogen, G, vagnilis. Treat with metronidazole clue cells
Signs of Trichomonas
yellow-green, frothy discharge. PH above 4.5, trichomonads on smear, treat with metronidazole and also treat sexual partner. Presence of vaginal inflammation
Primary signs of Candida vaginitis
Cottage cheese appearance, presence of vaginal information, lower pH, pseudohyphae, treat with fluconazole
Decreased amount of glycogen from the vaginal epithelium can be a sign of
Atrophic vaginitis secondary to menopause
Causes of Candida vaginitis
antibiotics, contraceptive use (especially with high estrogen), corticosteroid therapy, diabetes, immunosuppression.
Haemophilus influenza - signs, upper respiratory , x-ray,
Acute fever, inspiratory strider, drooling, odynophagia, positive thumb sign on lateral cervical x-ray due to edematous epiglottis,
Haemophilus influenza – composition of the capsule.
Polyroibosyl-ribitol-phosphate, antibodies to the capsule specifically to PRP lead to opsonization. First vaccine is given at two months old
Brucella - transmission, signs
acquired by drinking infected milk or by direct contact with infected sheep or goats fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly
Campylobacter fetus prefers to infect…
Immunocompromised individuals and newborns, pregnant women in their third trimester, and debilitated elderly people, leading to septicemia
Function of protein a in stph aureus
bind Fc portions of IgG molecules thereby preventing phagocytosis and complement fixation.
Bacteria that makes intracellular polyphosphate granules
Corynebacterium diphtheriae - visualized using methylene blue
Colonizing aspergillosis - nature of infection
colonizes old lung cavities (TB, emphysema, sarcoidosis), does not grow into tissue, makes fungus ball or aspergilloma, may be asymptomatic or lead to cough or hemoptysis.
Hypersensitivity reactions to Aspergillus lead to…
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis causing wheezing fever migratory pulmonary infiltrates
Invasive aspergillosis occurs primarily in the…
Immunocompromised and neutropenic patients with primary lung involvement leading to cough hemoptysis, pleuritic chest pain and fever. Eventually that necrotizing pneumonia and granuloma formation occur,extrapulmonary involvement, like within the brain is not unusual.
