Question Bank (Mixed) Flashcards
You are caring for a patient who has suffered a stroke and has issues comprehending spoken language. Branches of which artery are the most likely to have been compromised?
A. Anterior cerebral artery
B. Middle cerebral artery
C. Posterior spinal artery
D. Anterior spinal artery
E. Posterior cerebral artery
B. Middle cerebral artery
A neurologic examination of a 55 year old woman indicated that she had weaknesses and loss of discriminative touch and vibratory sense on the left side of her body. When she attempted to protrude her tongue, it deviated to the right. The blood supply of which one of the following arteries may be occluded in this patient?
A. Posterior Cerebral Artery
B. Anterior Spinal Artery
C. Anterior Cerebral Artery
D. Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery(PICA)
E. Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AlCA)
B. Anterior Spinal Artery
Describe the Effects of the pictured Alternating Hemiplegia
CN III: LMN sx, L sided ptosis, L eye lateral at rest, Can’t move eye up, down, medial
Rubrospinal/Corticospinal Pathway: Contralateral UMN sx
A 71 year old man suffering from loss of motor control and sensation in her left leg was examined by the neurologist. Subsequent angiographic procedures performed on the patient revealed that one of the arteries supplying the brain was 80% occluded. Which of the following artery most likely was occluded in this patient?
A. Right anterior cerebral artery
B. Posterior communicating artery
C. Right anterior inferior cerebellar artery
D. Left anterior cerebral artery
E. Posterior cerebral artery
A. Right anterior cerebral artery
What is the primary cause of autonomic dysreflexia?
Bladder distention
The MCA supplies which of the following areas of the brain?
A. Orbital and medial branches of frontal lobe
B. Lateral motor strip, lateral sensory strip. Temporal, frontal, parietal lobes. Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas
C. Cerebellum, diencephalon, spinal cord, occipital, temporal lobes, medial cortex, limbic structures
D. Occipital lobe and some inferior parts of temporal, the midbrain, the thalamus
B. Lateral motor strip, lateral sensory strip. Temporal, frontal, parietal lobes. Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas
A 65 years old man suffering from lack of coordination in speech and disturbance of articulation was referred to a neurologist by his primary physician. The neurologist diagnosed the patient to be suffering from Wallenberg’s syndrome and sent him for angiography. Which of the following arteries is most likely occluded in this patient?
A. Anterior Cerebral Artery
B. Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery(PICA)
C. Anterior Spinal Artery
D. Posterior Cerebral Artery
E. Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AlCA)
B. Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery(PICA)
If a lesion occurs in the middle cerebral artery, which of the following deficits are MOST LIKELY to occur?
A. Dysarthria, Dysphagia, Locked-In Syndrome
B. Contralateral Hemiplegia and sensation loss of the leg, Cognitive and Emotional Changes
C. Dyslexia, Memory Impairments, Hemianopsia, Cortical Blindness
D. Contralateral hemiplegia and somatosensory loss in the UE, speech problems
D. Contralateral hemiplegia and somatosensory loss in the UE, speech problems
When is a CN classified as a LMN?
If it has any kind of motor component (pure motor or mixed)
Describe the Effects of the pictured Alternating Hemiplegia
CN VI: LMN sx, L eye medial at rest, Can’t ABD eye
Corticospinal Pathway: Contralteral UMN sx
Which of the following statements regarding to Circle of Willis is correct?
A. It is the primary source of blood supply for pons and medulla
B. It includes two vertebral arteries
C. It surrounds the optic chiasm and pituitary
D. The superior cerebral artery arises from this circle of arteries
E. It is the site where most of the cerebral spinal fluid is formed
C. It surrounds the optic chiasm and pituitary
The anterior cerebral artery and the middle cerebral artery arise from which artery?
A. The internal carotid artery
B. Labyrinthine artery
C. Basilar artery
D. The vertebral artery
A. The internal cartoid artery
Which cerebral artery supplies the lateral portion of the brain, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, mouth, face, and UE?
Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)
Describe the Effects of the pictured Alternating Hemiplegia
CN XII: LMN sx, Difficulty swallowing, slurred speech, tongue deviates left
Corticospinal Pathway: Contralateral UMN sx
What is the name, location, and function of the “6th lobe” of the brain?
Name: Insular Lobe
Location: Between temporal and parietal lobes
Function: Emotional tone and regulation
Who is at higher risk for autonomic dysreflexia?
Those with SCI at T6 or higher
If a lesion occurs in the posterior cerebral artery, which of the following deficits are MOST LIKELY to occur?
A. Contralateral hemiplegia and somatosensory loss in the UE, speech problems
B. Contralateral Hemiplegia, loss of memory, Apraxia, Aphasia
C. Dysarthria, Dysphagia, Locked-In Syndrome
D. Hemianopsia, Cortical Blindness, Weber’s syndrome
D. Hemianopsia, Cortical Blindness, Weber’s syndrome
5 Functions of Glial Cells
- Provide structure
- Transmit Information
- Involved in Neural Development
- Repair s/p Brain Damage
- Maintain Blood/Brain Barrier
T/F: The size of the lesion is direclty related to the impact on function.
False: The size doesn’t translate to impact - smaller more central lesions can be worse that larger lesions on the outer edge of the cortex
The 4 D’s
- Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
- Dysarthria (difficulty speaking)
- Diplopia (double vision)
- Dysmetria (difficulty coordinating motor movement
Which of the following statement is not true?
A. Circle of Willis consist of anterior communicating, anterior cerebral, posterior communicating, and posterior cerebral arteries
B. Hydrocephalus is a condition in which the primary characteristic is excessive accumulation of CSF in the brain.
C. The venous sinuses drain cerebral spinal fluid, deoxygenated blood from the brain and veins in the scalp
D. The Cerebral aqueduct is a narrow channel running from the 2nd ventricle to the 3rd ventricle.
D. The Cerebral aqueduct is a narrow channel running from the 2nd ventricle to the 3rd ventricle.
Central cord lesions are common with what MOI?
Hyperextension (esp. in the eldery)
Other MOI include compression/diving and tumors
Which cerebral artery supplies the medial portion of the brain, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, and LE?
Anterior Cerebral Artery
