Question 1

Question 1

What is HF?

Answer 1

• progressive disease where the heart can’t pump enough oxygenated blood to the body.
• 2 types
  
  • systolic, HFrEF
  • Diastolic, HFpEF

Question 2

HFrEF

Answer 2

• Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
• also known as systolic HF.
• this is where the heart doesn’t have enough strength to forcefully pump blood throughout the body.

Question 3

HFpEF

Answer 3

• Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
• Also known as diastolic HF.
• this is when the heart can’t fill enough blood in the right ventricle.

Question 4

Symptoms (6)

Answer 4

• important for diagnosis and monitoring a patient’s response to treatment.
• coughing
• confusion
• peripheral edema
• loss of appetite and nausea
• fatigue
• shortness of breath

Question 5

Shortness of Breath

Answer 5

• symptom of HF
• dyspena- can occur during activity.
• Orhopena- shortness of breath while laying down
• overall cause of shortness of breath is pulmonary congestion.

Question 6

Peripheral Edema

Answer 6

• symptom of HF

- swelling of feet, ankles, or legs.

Question 7

Signs of HF (8)

Answer 7

• most common are
• jugular venous pressure
• hypertension
• changes in weight
• sleep disorders
• low urine output
• heart palpiations
• cold extremities
• tachycardia

Question 8

Economic Impact

Answer 8

• high risk of morbidity & mortality, therefore hospitalizations are more common
• 2012 total cost of HF in US was $30.7 billion
• $9.8 of this went towards productivity and mortality loss.
• 2013, mean cost of HF related hospitalizations was $23,077
• the number is expected to increase by 127% reaching $69.7 billion by 2030

Question 9

Population Impact

Answer 9

• HF is a significant and increasing problem
• from 2011-2014, 6.5 million american adults were estimated to have HF.
• expected to increase by 46% by 2030.
• black patients have the highest risk of developing heart failure, followed by hispanic, white, and chinese americans.