Quarterly Exam III

Question 1

resting phase, DNA = chromatin, the period of the cell cycle during which the nucleus is not undergoing division

Answer 1

Interphase

Question 2

cylindrical cell organelle, seen near the nucleus in the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells

Answer 2

centrioles

Question 3

series of events a cell goes through as it grows and divides.

Answer 3

Cell cycle

Question 4

process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells

Answer 4

Cell division

Question 5

the result from the division of a parent cell

Answer 5

daughter cells

Question 6

the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA.

Answer 6

chromatin

Question 7

threadlike structure within the nucleus that contains genetic information

Answer 7

chromosome

Question 8

each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA.

Answer 8

chromatid

Question 9

the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division.

Answer 9

centromere

Question 10

nuclear division

Answer 10

mitosis

Question 11

cytoplasm dividing

Answer 11

cytokinesis

Question 12

—First and longest phase
Chromosomes become visible
–Centrioles separate – spindle fibers form
–Nuclear membrane breaks up – nucleolus disappears

Answer 12

prophase

Question 13

• -Chromosomes line up in the “middle” along the equator of the cell
• -in the end chromosomes separate … centromeres “untie” begin to separate

Answer 13

metaphase

Question 14

Chromosomes pulled – apart to the opposite ends of cell

Spindle fibers disappear

Answer 14

anaphase

Question 15

–Nuclear membrane forms
–Chromosomes “unravel” chromatin
–Pinching in … (cytokinesis begins)
–Mitosis is followed by cytokinesis
which begins during ____
–Cytokinesis (cytoplasm divides)

Answer 15

telophase

Question 16

It extends outward until it separates the cell and forms a new cell wall producing two daughter cells.

Answer 16

cell plate

Question 17

• -Equal division of nuclear materials cytoplasm divides equally
• -Common in unicellular organisms: identical offspring

Answer 17

binary fission

Question 18

• -in unicellular organisms - similar to binary fission except
• -Cytoplasm is unequally divided - one daughter cell is larger than the other.
• -New cells may detach or form colonies occurs in yeast

Answer 18

budding

Question 19

specialized reproductive cells that have a tough protective coat (mold)

Answer 19

spores

Question 20

the development of an organism from a part of the original organism and involves cell division

Answer 20

regeneration

Question 21

plants develop from part of the parent plant, such as root, stem, or leaf

Answer 21

vegetative propagation

Question 22

tulip

Answer 22

bulbs

Question 23

strawberries

Answer 23

cutting, runner

Question 24

horizontal underground stem that sends out both shoots and root

Answer 24

rhizome

Question 25

cutting and fusing together

Answer 25

grafting

Question 26

When offspring are produced from a single parent. The offspring are IDENTICAL to the parent.

Answer 26

Asexual Reproduction

Question 27

- -the male reproductive organ in flowers | - -It consists of two parts an anther and a filament

Answer 27

stamen

Question 28

ontain haploid (1n) male sex cells produced by meiosis in the anther.

Answer 28

Pollen grains

Question 29

the female reproductive organ in flowers

Answer 29

pistil

Question 30

where the pollen grain is deposited

Answer 30

stigma

Question 31

A stalk in flowers called the

Answer 31

style

Question 32

- -fertilization occurs here! | - -containing ovules where the female sex cells (gametes) are produced by meiosis

Answer 32

ovary

Question 33

to make sex cells gametes

Answer 33

meiosis (cell division)

Question 34

Forms a new plant NOT identical to the parents.

Answer 34

sexual reproduction in seed plants

Question 35

transfer of grains from anther to stigma

Answer 35

pollination

Question 36

transfer of pollen from an anther to stigma of the same flower

Answer 36

Self- pollination

Question 37

Transfer of pollen from anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower

Answer 37

Cross-pollination

Question 38

the grain is recognized

Answer 38

Germination

Question 39

grows down the style to the ovary

Answer 39

Pollen tube

Question 40

having a single set of unpaired chromosomes

Answer 40

Haploid

Question 41

containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.

Answer 41

Diploid

Question 42

Why a cell must undergo division

Answer 42

so you can grow and so your cuts heal

Question 43

creating gametes

Answer 43

gametogenesis

Question 44

male sex cells

Answer 44

sperms

Question 45

women sex cells

Answer 45

Egg (ovum)

Question 46

Sex cells

Answer 46

Gametes

Question 47

Eggs are

Answer 47

large

Question 48

Sperm are mobile = ___________ they have a tail to move.

Answer 48

motility (mobility)

Question 49

Sperm form in the

Answer 49

testes

Question 50

Eggs are formed in the

Answer 50

ovaries

Question 51

uring meiosis each original male cell becomes

Answer 51

4 haploid sperm

Question 52

the three remaining cells at the end of the creation of the egg

Answer 52

polar body

Question 53

Union of the egg and sperm fusion of the nuclei.

Answer 53

FERTILIZATION

Question 54

the process by which two cells of different parents unite to produce the first cell of a new organism

Answer 54

Sexual Reproduction

Question 55

The cell resulting from the fusion is called a

Answer 55

zygote

Question 56

organs that produce gametes (haploid sex cells)

Answer 56

Gonads

Question 57

Male gonads

Answer 57

testes

Question 58

Female gonads are the

Answer 58

ovaries

Question 59

cause the appearance of the secondary sex characteristics

Answer 59

puberty

Question 60

- To produce, maintain, and transport sperm and semen. | - To discharge sperm within the female reproductive tract during sex.

Answer 60

The male system

Question 61

``` testes seminal vesicle vas deferens bladder Prostate gland Cowper’s Gland penis urethra ```

Answer 61

``` testes seminal vesicle vas deferens bladder Prostate gland Cowper’s Gland penis urethra ```