Quarter 1 Review Flashcards
Physiology
Study of how the body and its parts work
Levels of organization
Atom, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, and organism
Homeostasis
Maintenance of internal environment
Negative feedback
Reduces intensity of original stimulus
Physiological control centers
Receptor, control center, effector
Anatomical position
Standing straight with palms facing forward
Superior
Up
Inferior
Down
Anterior
Front
Inferior
Back
Ventral
Front
Dorsal
Back
Medial
towards the middle
Lateral
Away from the middle
Proximal
Towards the center
Distal
Away from the center
Superficial
Outside
Deep
Inside
Sagittal
Split down the middle
Frontal, coronal
Separates front and back
Transverse
Parallel to floor
Abdominal
Belly
Antecubital
Elbow pit
Axillary
Arm pit
Brachial
Upper arm
Buccal
Cheeks
Cervical
Neck
Digital
Fingers
Femoral
Upper leg
Inguinal
Leg connection to pelvis
Oral
Mouth
Orbital
Eyes
Patellar
Knee
Pubic
Genitals
Thoracic
Chest
Anatomy
Study of the body and its parts
Umbilical
Belly button
Deltoid
Shoulders
Gluteal
Butt
Lumbar
Lower back
Occipital
Back of head
Popliteal
Knee pit
Scapular
Shoulder blade
Sural
Back of calf
Dorsal cavity includes
Cranial and spinal
Ventral cavity includes
Thoracic and abdominopelvic
Thoracic
Lungs heart
Abdominopelvic
Stomach
Synthesis
A+B=AB
Decomposition
AB=A+B
Exchange
AB+C=A+BC
Ph range of acids
0-6
Ph range of bases
8-14
Single ring of 3-7 carbons
Monosaccharides
Double rings of carbon
Disaccharide
Many rings of carbon
Polysaccharide
Neutral fats
Triglycerides
Main lipid of central membranes
Phospholipid
Basis of sex hormones vitamin d and bile
Steroids
Proteins basic unit of
Genetic material
Enzymes
Speed up chemical process
Components of a nucleotide
Super, phosphate group and nitrogenous base- Adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine and uracil
Cell membrane
Barrier for cell contents
What does cell membrane control
What comes in and out
Semipermeable
Only certain things can pass through it
Diffusion
Things go from higher concentration to lower
Osmosis
Water diffusion
Hypertonic
Higher concentration cell shrivels
Hypotonic
Lower concentration cell swells
Nucleus
Contains genetic material
Mitochondria
Provides ATP for cell energy
Ribosome
Cite of protein synthesis
Golgi apparatus
Processes and packages protein
Lysosomes
Contains enzymes that break down unneeded things in cell
Cytoskeleton
Internal framework
Interphase
Cell grows and carries on metabolism
Prophase
DNA turns into chromosomes and membrane breaks down
Metaphase
Spindle connects to chromosomes lined up in the middle
Anaphase
Centrioles pull to the poles
Telophase
They separate and cleave happens
Epithelial
Protection, absorption, filtration, secretion
Connective
Supports the body
Muscle function
Movement
Nervous tissue function
Send impulses
Tissue made of fibers ground substance and cells
Connective tissue
Tissue that lines body cavities and covers surfaces
Epithelial
Tissue that enables us to be aware of the external enviornment
Nervous
Tissue specialized for movement
Muscle