Quantitative Research Designs Flashcards
These are things or any characteristics that can take on value such as height, sex, weight, etc.; connotes changes.
Variables
What are the two types of variables?
Dependent & Independent
Can be classified as the cause as its value is independent of other variables in a certain study.
Independent variable
Can be considered as the effect as its value depends on the changes brought by the independent variables.
Dependent Variable
Refers to the group of participants who receive a stimulus by the proponents.
treatment/experimental group
Receives no treatment, thus can be considered as the standard or baseline.
control group
This occurs when the proponents intentionally change how the independent variable is presented to participants.
Manipulation- occurs in the classical and in quasi experimental; not in descriptive.
This process involves the proponents in randomly assigning the participants to or at least two groups.
random assignment
A plan or a strategy and helps in answering these questions: What do you want to find out? And How can you best do that?
research design
What are the types of Quantitative Research Designs?
- Experimental Forms (True Experimental)
- Quasi-Experimental Forms
- Pre-Experimental Forms
- Non-Experimental Forms (Descriptive)
In this type of quantitative research design, it yields the researchers curiosity in finding the cause/s of something; deals with cause-and-effect relationship.
Experimental Research Design
Experimental: In this type, several criteria are present such as the subjects, variables, and treatment or intervention which are controlled by the study proponents thus there will be experimental and control group and subjects are assigned to groups.
True Experimental Design.
The key feature of this design is that the researchers controls the treatment or intervention of the independent variable, as what we have tackled a while back, by randomly assigning the participants or the subjects to the control and/or treatment groups
What are the types of TRUE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS?
- Posttest
- Pretest-Posttest
- Factorial Design
In this design, the subjects are randomly assigned to the groups. Afterwards, post test will be given to both groups.
POSTTEST
Here subjects will also be randomly assigned to groups then both groups will be given pretest. During the pretest, the proponents will measure the dependent variable before the treatment or experimental group is exposed to stimuli. Afterwards, both groups will take a posttest.
PRETEST-POSTTEST
In this design, treatment groups are based on two or more independent variables. Further, this design is used when proponents are to investigate complex type of cause-and-effect relationships, especially those that cannot be tested enough using only one independent variable. Control group is still present.
FACTORIAL DESIGN
In this type of design, participants are also engaged throughout that long period time of the study.
LONGITUDINAL DESIGN
True or False: Following are the limitations of Experimental Research Design:
- Manipulation
- Precision
- Convenient and not that costly
False. Those are the strengths of Experimental Research Design.
True or False: These are the limitations of Experimental Research Design:
- Ethics
- Unguaranteed significant effects
- Unreal pure manipulations
True.
Also seeks to establish a cause-and-effect link between an independent and dependent variable, but does not rely on random assignment. Subjects are instead assigned to groups based on non-random criteria.
Quasi-Experimental Forms (QEF)
The following are types of Quasi-Experimental Design except for:
a. Non-randomized control design
b. Time Series Design
c. Systematic Coding Design
d. Pretest-Posttest Design
c. Systematic Coding Design
QEF:
-Dependent variables are observed in experimental as well as control groups before the intervention.
-Later, the experimental group receives treatment, following which the posttest observation of dependent variable is carried out for both the groups to assess the effect of the intervention or treatment on experimental group.
Non-randomized control design.
Also known as “nonequivalent control group design”
This design is identical to the pretest- posttest group design, except there is no random assignment of the study subjects in experimental and control groups.
QEF:
Application: Non-randomized control design
You hypothesize that a new after-school program will lead to higher grades. You choose two similar groups of children who attend different schools, one of which implements the new program while the other does not. By comparing the children who attend the program with those who do not, you can find out whether it has an impact on grades.
QEF: In this type, the researcher would continue to administer the treatment and measure the effects several times during the course of the experiment.
Time Series Design
