Quantitative Genetics (Lecture 14 And 15)

Question 1

polygenic

Answer 1

Multiple loci affect one trait

Question 2

pleiotropy

Answer 2

One locus affects many traits

Question 3

Broad sense Heritability h^2=

Answer 3

Vg/VP = (VA+VD)/(VA+VD+Ve)

Question 4

VP=

Answer 4

VA+VD+VE

Question 5

Narrow-sense heritability

Answer 5

h^2=VA/VP = VA/(VA+VD+Ve)

Question 6

A measure of heritability is always specific to the

Answer 6

environments of the experiment/observatio

Question 7

Selection Differential (S)

Answer 7

Equals the difference between the means of the entire population and that of the breeding individuals

Question 8

S=

Answer 8

xs-xp

Question 9

Truncation selection

Answer 9

Truncation selection (directional selection)

Question 10

The selection gradient

Answer 10

The relationship between phenotype and fitness (from regression analysis)

Question 11

b is the

Answer 11

Slope of the regression line and the slope of the adaptive landscape

Question 12

Selection coefficient (s)

Answer 12

Difference in survivorship (or fecundity or total) fitness between genotype groups

Question 13

Selection gradient (b)

Answer 13

Slope of adaptive landscape

Question 14

Breeder’s equation R=

Answer 14

h^2S

Question 15

A character’s heritability determines

Answer 15

Its response, there will be no evolution if there is no heritable variation
Difference in individual is due to environment

Question 16

Examples of Evolution under Directional Selection

Answer 16

Demonstrating tremendous standing variation to allow Long-Term response

Question 17

Directional Selection in the wild

Answer 17

Corolla Flare

Question 18

Stabilizing selection in the wild

Answer 18

Wasps and galls

Question 19

Disruptive selectional in the wild

Answer 19

Beak lengths

Question 20

Estimating selection from the fossil record

Answer 20

Horse evolution in teeth

Question 21

Selection differential is related to the selection gradient (formula)

Answer 21

b=S/VP

Question 22

Quantitative genetic adaptive landscape differs slightly from the

Answer 22

Population genetic landscapes in that fitness is plotted against trait values rather than against allele or genotype frequencies

Question 23

Change of one character can

Answer 23

Alter adaptive landscape of another

Question 24

Genetic correlations can greatly slow or accelerate evolution in certain direction,

Answer 24

And even cause some characters to change in the opposite direction from selection

Question 25

Vg=

Answer 25

VA+Vd