QUANTITATIVE and QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNS Flashcards
What are the three (3) methodologies in research?
Quantitative research
Qualitative research
Mixed methods
an approach for testing objective theories by examining the relationship among variables. These variables, in turn, can be measured, typically on instruments, so that numbered data can be analyzed using statistical procedures.
a. Quantitative research
b. Qualitative research
c. Mixed methods
Quantitative research
no random assignment involved
a. True experiment
b. Quasi-experiment
c. Single-subject experiment or Within-subject design
Quasi-experiment
an experimental treatment is administered over time to a single individual or a small number of individuals
a. True experiment
b. Quasi-experiment
c. Single-subject experiment or Within-subject design
Single-subject experiment or Within-subject design
comparison between two or more groups in terms of a cause (or independent variable) that has already happened
a. Causal-comparative research
b. Correlational design
c. Factorial design
d. Survey research
e. Experimental research
Causal-comparative research
relationship between two or more variables or sets of scores
a. Causal-comparative research
b. Correlational design
c. Factorial design
d. Survey research
e. Experimental research
Correlational design
many variables and treatments
a. Causal-comparative research
b. Correlational design
c. Factorial design
d. Survey research
e. Experimental research
Factorial design
provides a quantitative or numeric description of trends, attitudes, or opinions of a population by studying a sample of that population.
From sample results, the researcher generalizes or draws inferences to the population.
a. Causal-comparative research
b. Correlational design
c. Factorial design
d. Survey research
e. Experimental research
Survey research
seeks to determine if a specific treatment influences an outcome.
The researcher assesses this by providing a specific treatment to one group and withholding it from another and then determining how both groups scored on an outcome.
a. Causal-comparative research
b. Correlational design
c. Factorial design
d. Survey research
e. Experimental research
Experimental research
Random
a. True experiments
b. Quasi-experiments
True experiments
nonrandomize
a. True experiments
b. Quasi-experiments
Quasi-experiment
is an approach for exploring and understanding the meaning individuals or groups ascribe to a social or human problem.
a. Quantitative research
b. Qualitative research
c. Mixed methods
Qualitative research
the researcher studies the lives of individuals and asks one more individuals to provide stories about their lives.
a. Narrative research
b. Phenomenological research
c. Grounded theory
d. Ethnography
e. Case studies
Narrative research
the researcher describes the lived experiences of individuals about a phenomenon as described by participants.
typically involves conducting interviews
a. Narrative research
b. Phenomenological research
c. Grounded theory
d. Ethnography
e. Case studies
Phenomenological research
A design of inquiry from sociology in which the researcher derives a general, abstract theory of a process, action, or interaction grounded in the views of participants.
This process involves using multiple stages of data collection and the refinement and interrelationship of categories of information.
a. Narrative research
b. Phenomenological research
c. Grounded theory
d. Ethnography
e. Case studies
Grounded theory
A design of inquiry coming from anthropology and sociology in which the researcher studies the shared patterns of behaviors, language, and actions of an intact cultural group in a natural setting over a prolonged period of time.
Data collection often involves observations and interviews.
a. Narrative research
b. Phenomenological research
c. Grounded theory
d. Ethnography
e. Case studies
Ethnography
the researcher develops an in-depth analysis of a case, often a program, event, activity, process, or one or more individuals.
Cases are bounded by time and activity, and researchers collect detailed information using a variety of data collection procedures over a sustained period of time.
a. Narrative research
b. Phenomenological research
c. Grounded theory
d. Ethnography
e. Case studies
Case studies
The data must not be coded, summarized, categorized, or otherwise ‘reduced’ at the point of collection
Verbatim at the point of collection
a. Naturalistic data
b. Validity
c. Reliability
d. Representativeness
e. Reflexivity
Naturalistic data
the extent to which our research describes, measures or explains what it aims to describe, measure or explain
how can we be sure that we are researching what we think we are researching?
a. Naturalistic data
b. Validity
c. Reliability
d. Representativeness
e. Reflexivity
Validity
a measurement is reliable if it yields the same answer on different occasions
qualitative research is less concerned with reliability because it explores a particular, possibly unique, phenomenon or experience in great detail
a. Naturalistic data
b. Validity
c. Reliability
d. Representativeness
e. Reflexivity
Reliability
normally small number of participants;
5-6 respondents for a qualitative research
If a given experience is possible, it is also subject to universalisation
a. Naturalistic data
b. Validity
c. Reliability
d. Representativeness
e. Reflexivity
Representativeness
acknowledging personal ‘biases’
invites us to think about how our own reactions to the research context and the data actually make possible certain insights and understandings
a. Naturalistic data
b. Validity
c. Reliability
d. Representativeness
e. Reflexivity
Reflexivity
____ in qualitative research has much in common with how psychoanalytic psychotherapists use ‘countertransference’ – the therapist’s emotional response to the client’s behaviour – in order to gain a better understanding of the client
a. Naturalistic data
b. Validity
c. Reliability
d. Representativeness
e. Reflexivity
Reflexivity
Ethics
Informed consent
No deception
Right to withdraw
Debriefing
Confidentiality
