quality control in creating a culture of patient safety Flashcards
what is the institute of medicine?
a institute that regulates medicine and prevents patient death by encouraging safety
To err is human is about what?
asserts the problem is not bad people, it is good people working in bad systems
what is the focus of the IOM?
to make healthcare safer
what is Crossing the quality chasm about?
an urgent call that we had to do fundamental change to close the quality gap, redesign of the healthcare system!
What came from the redesign of crossing the quality chasm? (6 aims)
safe effective patient centered timely efficient equitable
what is the fifth and final step of the management process?
quality control
characteristics of quality control? (3)
- activities used to monitor and regulate services given to customers
- performance is measured against predetermined standards
- action is taken to correct discrepancies between these standards and actual performance
what are some management controlling functions? (3)
- periodic evaluation of unit philosophy, mission, goals and objective
- Measurement of individual
and group performance
against preestablished
standards
-Auditing of patient goals
and outcomes
hallmarks of effective quality control programs? (4)
-Support from top-level administration -Commitment by the organization in terms of fiscal and human resources -Quality goals reflect search for excellence rather than minimums. -Process is ongoing (continuous).
three steps of the quality control process?
- the criteria or standard is established
- information is collected to determine whether the standard has been met
- educational or corrective action is taken If the criteria has not been met
what are the steps in auditing quality control?
- establish control criteria
- identify the info relevant to the criteria
- determine ways to collect the info
- collect and analyze the information
- compare collected info with the established criteria
- make a judgement about quality
- provide info and if necessary take corrective action regarding findings
- reevaluate
what are standards? (2)
-Predetermined baseline condition or level of
excellence that constitutes a model to be followed
and practiced
-Each organization and profession must set standards
and objectives to guide individual practitioners in
performing safe and effective care.
what is a quality gap?
The difference in performance between top-performing health-care organizations and the national average is called the quality gap.
benchmarking #1
the process of measuring products or services against best performing organizations
organizations can determine how and why their organization differs from these exemplars, and then use the exemplar as a role model to create the standards.
benchmarking #2
critical event analysis and root cause analysis help to identify what and how an even happened, and also why it happened with the end goal being to ensure that a preventable negative outcome doesn’t occur.
what is a root cause analysis?
- process designed for use in investigating and -categorizing the root causes of events (errors)
- identifies all factors leading up to the event
- conducted by agencys risk management department -results given to the quality improvement department.
What are the 3 audits frequently used in quality control?
- structure
- process
- outcome
what is the structure audit?
monitor the structure or setting in which patient
care occurs
what is the process audit?
measure the process of care or how the care was
carried out
what is the outcome audit?
determine what results, if any, followed from specific nursing interventions for patients
what are nursing sensitive outcomes?
the patients outcome in relation to nursing, patients outcomes are improved related to nursing care
clinical practice guidelines
-provide diagnosis based step-by-step interventions for
providers to follow in an effort to promote quality care
-Also called standardized clinical guidelines
-Should reflect evidence-based practice (EBP); that is,
they should be based on cutting-edge research and best
practices
quality improvement and assurance #1
-Over the past three decades, the American health-care system has moved from a quality assurance (QA) model to one focused on quality improvement (QI). -The difference between the two concepts is that QA models target currently existing quality; QI models target ongoing and continually improving quality.
what is total quality management?
aka CQI
the individual is the focal element on which production and service depend
the focus is on doing the right things, the right way, the first time and problem prevention planning
