Qualitative research - collecting data Flashcards
1
Q
What are the methods of data collection used in qualitative research?
A
observation and interview
2
Q
What is participant observation?
A
- observer does pp to some extent
- observe and record what is seen
- unstructured and spontaneous
- go in with clear Q’s to be answered
3
Q
Why do qualitative researchers observe?
A
- helpful to explore something that isnt easily articulated
- explore behaviours and dynamics people aren’t aware of
- additional insight
4
Q
How are observations recorded?
A
- field notes taken (typically) - written there and then or ASAP after observation period
- can audio record whilst taking field notes
5
Q
Why are individual interviews conducted?
A
- useful for exploring individuals perceptions of a culture/phenomenon
- not influenced by peers
6
Q
How are individual interviews conducted?
A
- unstructured but have interview guide (not Q set asked in same order)
- Q’s evolve and change over time
- e.g. GT - questions change to test out emerging theory
- audio recorded - consent needed
7
Q
How is the interview technique active listening used?
A
- encourages convo (time for long answers)
- shows interest and encourages convo
- accept everything pps say
- use of probes
- down play social status differences
- correct body language
- not afraid of silences
8
Q
How is the interview technique asking questions used?
A
- starting off interview = introducing questions
e. g. please tell me about… - probes = get interviewee to tell you more about a topic
e. g. how did that happen?
9
Q
What are questions to avoid in interviews?
A
- long Q’s
- closed Q’s - yes or no answer
- double Q’s
- Q’s that use jargon or unfamiliar terms to lay person
- leading Q’s that suggest an answer
10
Q
What are focus group interviews and when can they be used?
A
- useful when topic = sensitive
- when individual interviews may seem too confrontational
e. g. discussing an aspect of care not done well - used when discussion would be useful to generate ideas
- group dynamics e.g. asking how care can be improved
11
Q
How are focus groups managed?
A
- a topic guide
- audio recording (2 devices)
- 2 facillitators = good idea
- key = managing group –> encouraging dicussion and quiet PPs, keeping it on task, politely managing anyone who dominates
