Qualitative Research Flashcards
define Epistemology
philosophy of knowledge
Realism vs Relativism in terms of research
realism means data mirrors reality and relativism means there is many interpretations of the same observation
what is phenomenology
the way we perceive and make sense of our own lives. first person point of view. through our own cultural, social and personality
give the three main types of qualitative research
text, images and sound
quantitive research gives predictions whereas qualitative gives..
explanation
what is deductive reasoning?
in quantitive research where hypothesis > data > conclusions. you then accept or reject a null hypothesis
what is inductive reasoning?
in qualitative research where you identify a research area before collecting data > then that data gives you explanations
Name 4 main types of data collection for qualitative (which is most common)
interviews, observation studies, document/ text analysis, audio/visual transcripts
what is Nvivo used for
software to organise and asses qualitative data - way of marking and arranging text
describe discourse analysis
generic term for a number of approaches to analysing written data or vocal data. analyses the language. transcript captures all features of interactions (pauses etc). analysis detailed and time consuming
what is a code
word or short attribute that narrates the key issues of information
typical sample size for discourse analysis
small
describe content analysis
researcher establishes codes and counts number of time code appears
why are codes deductive
deprived from pre existing theory and research
difference between manifest codes and latent codes
manifest - answer is obvious, people say ‘ i do this’
latent - people don’t actually say just imply
which is the most quantitive qualitative type of analysis
content analysis
describe theme analysis
similar to content analysis but themes are identified in the data and analysis analyses meaning of themes and why they occur + links between them
difference between deductive themes and inductive themes ?
deductive - being able to search for themes that you already are aware of
inductive - finding new themes within the data
name the 6 phases of thematic analysis
1) familiarising yourself with the data
2) generating initial codes
3) searching for themes
4) reviewing themes
5) defining and naming themes
6) producing a report
name 5 things each code should include
label - definition - how to know when theme occurs - any qualifications or exclusions -examples of positive and negative occurrence
3 stages of interpretative phenomenological analysis
1) summarise the experiences described by participant
2) interpret meaning
3) how did the participant make sense of the experience?
what is double hermeneutic
participant trying to make sense of their own world - researcher trying to make sense of the participant trying to make sense
describe grounded theory
researcher constantly analysing data as he collects - constant comparison . prevents preconceptions
why would you use a mixed research method
draw from the strengths of each method and minimise weaknesses
How would you critically evaluated qualitative research?
are the method and content made explicit?
is the sampling described and justified?
is the fieldwork described?
is the data and method accessible to independent researchers
have they used triangulation
has analysis been completed by another researcher to increase reliability?
does the raw data support the analysis?
