Qualitative research

Question 1

2 core aspects of interpretivism

Answer 1

1. understanding in context
2. researcher as the primary instrument

Question 2

2 dangers of positivism

Answer 2

1. Idealism (deduce everything to language)
2. Relativism (if everything is constructed, there’s no real truth, what even has value?)

Question 3

Discourses operate in particular…

Answer 3

texts

Question 4

What is a bad question within African postcolonial methods?(2 marks)

Answer 4

1. a question based on uncritical assumptions
2. one likely to be exploitative of respondents

Question 5

African research….

Answer 5

• disrupts othering through centering African knowledge and identity
• uses reflexivity to disrupt power in research
• thinks critically about the knowledge it is producing

Question 6

describe standpoint methodologies

Answer 6

• more specific about orientation of epistemology and ontology
• political viewpoints rather than methods

Question 7

3 central premises of standpoint methodolgies

Answer 7

1. uncover hidden relationships
2. understanding is directed towards change in emancipatory or liberating direction
3. focus on neglected, disempowered or voiceless populations or issues

Question 8

keypoints of feminist standpoint

Answer 8

• concerned with lack of research understanding womens experiences
• recognition of subjective role of researcher
• core concerns = gender issues, racism, sexism, patriachy

Question 9

What are theoretical frameworks

Answer 9

• a conceptual framework that defines your position and outlines stance of research
• an entire paradigm in which your ontology, epis and method sit

Question 10

Name the 5 approached to qualitative research

Answer 10

Narrative
Case study
Phenomenological
Ethnographic
Grounded theory

Question 11

Name the 4 types of Narrative approaches

Answer 11

1. Biographical
2. Authoethnographical
3. Life History
4. Oral History

Narrative research can be emancipatory and empowering

Question 12

Name the 3 types of Case study

Answer 12

1. Single instrumental
2. collective
3. Intrinsic

Question 13

Name the 2 types of Phenomenological

Answer 13

1. Hermanuetical
2. Transcendental

Question 14

Name the two types of ethnographic approached

Answer 14

1. Realist
2. Critical

Question 15

PAR is a type of

Answer 15

critical research approach

Question 16

Photovoice is a type of….

Answer 16

PAR

Question 17

PAR combines research with…. and it…

Answer 17

Activism
Produces knowledge in partnerships with those affected by that knowledge to improve their soc/edu and material condition

Question 18

PAR champoins the interests of …

Answer 18

the research participants over the interest of the researcher

Question 19

PAR is in a tensional relationship with….

Answer 19

positivism (believes in one objective truth, doesn’t include participants in process) and interpretivism (interpretivism focuses on the individual and PAR on community)

Question 20

Name the 3 tensions that PAR straddles

Answer 20

1. science and practice (science = knowledge and doesn’t care for application, PAR sees knowledge is intrinsically linked with application)
2. individual and collective needs (PAR insists on comm engagement and action
3. researcher and researched (know WITH the comm rather than know ABOUT)

Question 21

Photovoice support comms by

Answer 21

engaging with their own issues and working towards changes that that comm wants to seer

Question 22

Photovoice is a decolonial method as it offers a

Answer 22

different way of thinking about knowledge production

Question 23

All PAR studies are bottom up. True or False?

Answer 23

True

Question 24

PAR process is cyclical. How so?

Answer 24

develop knowledge, apply it, application of it creates new knowledge etc

Question 25

Three phases of PAR

Answer 25

1. Defining problem 2. Data collection 3. Utilization

Question 26

Participation in PAR is enabled by

Answer 26

Empowerment (control in relation to research) Critical consciousness(both action and reflection, build a reflexive understanding) Social capital(levels of trust and reciprocity in the community)

Question 27

Name the 4 types on non-probability sampling

Answer 27

1. convenience 2. purposive 3. snowball 4. theoretical

Question 28

List 3 benefits to archival research

Answer 28

1. pragmatically easier 2. fewer ethical considerations 3. data is already available

Question 29

Data collection techniques (4)

Answer 29

1. interviews 2. Focus groups 3. Observation 4. Archival

Question 30

Describe Ontology, Epistemology and Methodology

Answer 30

Ontology = nature of reality and what can be known about it Epistemology = relationship between research and what can be known Methodology = collecting the knowledge

Question 31

Discursive analysis is

Answer 31

the act of showing how certain discourses are deployed to achieve particular effects in specific contexts

Question 32

Discourse =

Answer 32

broad pattern of talk taken up in speeches and conversations

Question 33

FDA focuses on power relationships in society as expressed....

Answer 33

through language and practices