Qualitative and quantitative research Flashcards
what can quantitative research be used for?
testing hypothesizes by conducting quasi-experimental studies or designing experiments
-use stat analysis to analyse numerical data
quantitative research methodologies
correlational
descriptive
experimental
quasi-experimental/quasi comparative
surveys
describe a correlational method
comparing two sets of number to try and identify a relationship
example: relationship between phone addiction and cyberchondria in adolscent
describe a descriptive method
-attempt to quantify a variety of factors at play as they study a particular type of phenomenon or action
Example: effect of climate change on life cycle of plant
describe an experimental method
-understand the effects of a variable
-other factors attempted to be controlled/minimised
-usually have control and intervention/experimental group
-can compare the affect of the intevention by comparing to control
describe a quasi-experimental/quasi comparative method
attempt to determine the effect a variable can have
-has many independent (causes) and dependent (effect) variables
-difficult to find a relationship due to many other factors
describe a survey method
when participants are required to choose from pre-determined responses
what is qualitative research
-capture information, cant use numerical expression
-requires interpretation of answers
-collection through observation, coded survey, interview
-multiple qual methods are often used in one study
-theoretical and critical framework can help with the interpretation
how can qualitative methods be applied
-formation of political and social attitudes
-how do people make decisions
-what teaching/training methods are most effective
qualitative research approaches
action research
ethnogrpahy
grounded theory
narrative research
phenomology
describe action research
researchers actively pursue some kind of intervention, resolve a problem, or affect some kind of change. analysis and examination of challenges will occur
describe ethnography
in-depth, holistic research
-captures cultural practices, traditions, and beliefs through observation and interviews
-analyze the findings
describe grounded theory
create and test a hypothesis
-understand decision-thinking, problem-solving, and other types of behavior
descirbe narrative research
use a framework to understand aspects of human experience
-interviews provide data that is discussed in the form of a narrative
describe phenomenology
used to understand the lived experience of groups or members and find meaning
-interviews and observation are usually used
qualitative research methods
case study
focus groups
observational study
open-ended survey
structured/semi-structured interviews
describe a case study
-detailed, in-depth description of a single subject, pilot project, or event
-shares unique or novel info
describe focus groups
-small group
-Demographics is dependent on needs
-series of questions asked, answers may provoke other questions
-answers are coded and discussed numerically
describe an observational study
unobtrusive observations in set conditions or environments
example: food choices of students in the cafeteria
describe open ended surveys
-participants answer questions in their own words
describe structured or semi-structured interviews
small group who fit pre-determined criteria
-all asked the same set of questions
-semi: provide an opportunity for participants to provide additional info
assessment of quantitative methods
truth is defined
researcher is self-determing
ideas reduced to stats
hypothosis confirmation/rejection
deductive reasoning
fixed design
stat manipulation required
Assessment of Qualitative Methods
reality is defined by contirbutors
investigator as a communicating observer
holistic POV
purpose is hypothesis-driven
inductive reasoning
dynamic research design
stat test not needed
what is deductive reasoning?
researcher starts with a theory, hypothesis or generalisation and then tests it through observations and data collection
what is inductive reasoning?
method of developing theories or generalisations based on specific observations or data
