Native American Flashcards
names for people indigenous to americas
american indian
first nations/people
native america
peublos originarios
what is turtle island or abya yala?
native name for north america
define foodways
where food comes from, relationship to the food system, food distribution
define food justice
issue of inequity
-oppression tied to food
-access to healthy food on a regular basis
-tackling food insecurity
define food sovereignty
autonomy over food
self-determination for food
describe some ways in which indigenous people have contributed to medicine
baby bottles
dental surgery
insect repellant
pain suppressants
what % of the 121 plant-derived compounds currently being used in pharmaceticuls have been discovered thorugh research based on the use of plants by indigenous people
74%
indigenous contributions to technology
floating gardens (aquaponics)
suspension bridges
hammocks
kayaks
rubber
hunting decoys
how did native Americans in the plains eat healthy
60-70% bison meat: no transfat or cholesterol
-used all parts: clothes, medicine, and food
how did native Americans in the artic eat healthy
80% meat: sea mammals and fish supplemented with wild rice and cherries
how did native Americans in the forest eat healthy
planting and intense agriculture
50-70% corn/plant-based, supplemented with meat
what does the diverse range of native american diets show
a healthy diet cna be very diverse
-all of those diets were healthy even though they were very diverse
what did gegory cajete propose
environmentally sound ways of living combine ceremony and practical ecology
-people today are experiancing existential problems and split thinking due to a lack of connection
-connection nutured mutal reciprocity, obligation and responsibility of food and land
-the disconnections results in feelings of incompleteness
Winona LaDukes POV
land and people are connected in a modern gendered relationship
title of Winona La Duke book
recovering the scared: the power of naming and claiming
La duke quote simplified
“recovery of people is tied to recovery of food”
“Food itselfs is medicine” “for the body, soul, spiritual connectionsto history, ancestors and land”
how were ancesterol food practises advantageous
nutritious
physcially active: labour growing and hunting
provided cultural connection and belonging: stronger drive to sustain the produce, more mindful and its tied to who you are
examples of the colonial impact via food
cut off from land and water
starvation, disease, and trauma
sedentary lifestyle
poor quality high cal diets
highly controlled commodity foods/treaty rations
the result of colonialism on the health of indigenous people
decline in health and well-being
reduced autonomy/ self-determination
by 2000 1 in 8 nat am. had diabetes (x2 national ave), some tribes have a 70-80% average
alcohol: causing trauma, desperation, abuse, self harm/medicating
-liver diseases is 18x the national average
who are raj patel and jason moore
authors of “ a history of the world in seven cheap things : a guide to captilism, nature, and the future of the planet
the rise of capitalism gave us the idea..
“not only that society wa relatively independant of the web of life but also women, indigneous peoples, slaves, and colonised people everyhwere were not fully human and thus not full members of society”
what message do patel and moore attempt to show
that capatilism has resulted in the inequal treatment of people: it has cheapened people based on gender and race
there is a separation between nature and society
what is the global chicken society theory
the idea that future life will know we have been as we have left radiation from atomic bombs, plastic, and chicken bones
-chickens have undergone intensive genetic breeding to become profitable at the cost of their well-being
-they don’t contribute heavily to climate change but the fuel and energy used to rare them does
responses to the awareness of the effect colonialism has had on indigenous peoples
decolinising and re-indigenising
-confronting and undoing harmful systems and practises
-remembering and supporting ancestral systems and practises
social issues are food issues: having a holistic approach
how can food be medicinal
provides a ‘immense sense of responsibility and connections”
“many seeds are grown not only with potting soil, water and a greenhouse but also with prayers”
-physical health is not enough
where is turtle island
Mexico upto Greenland (north)
what abya yala
concept for South America (south)
why is Central America and the Caribbean different?
can be considered in both or neither kind of an intermediate zone
how did colonialism lead to disease, starvation and trauma
native people were violently removed and exiled from their homes
native plants were removed and destroyed
forced to live in sub-optimal conditions
how are tribes recognised in the US
each has its own treaty
-not overarching like NZ
what kinds of foods were included in the food rations
white flour, white sugar, oil
-very refined
what effect did the treaties have on native americans way of living
forced to live off food rations: poor nutrition
couldn’t access Bison
lived on reserves: less physcially active
issue with the treaties
often werent upheld resulting in starvation
worst live expectancy range on reservations
45-48
describe the change in alcohol context
had before colinisation: fermented beverages mainly used to supplement diet when energy was low, had lower %
after: distilling resulted in a higher % and abuse, given it in high stress environment (use it to self medicate)
what do patel and moore believe capatilism has done to society’s values
cheapened not only nature but also money, work, food, care and groups of people
