qualitative Flashcards
what are the 5 stages of framework analysis?
1. familiarising
- sit with info
- relisten to interviews ect
2. identifying a thematic framework
- what are common themes that keep coming up
3. indexing
- tag the different bits of information
- good time to further anonymise
4. charting
- group the data together into themes so that it can be looked at as a whole
5. mapping and interpretation- interpret all the info that you have charted - search for patterns and connections
what are examples of qualitative data?
- patient interviews
- historical records
- media reports
- clinician viewpoints
- open answers on questionnaires
- policy documents
what is qualitative research?
- making sense of a phenomenon by looking at the meanings that people bring to them
- it is more exploratory and looks at what how and why rather than how many and how frequently
what are positives of a qualitative study?
- more depth and detail
- more possibility for openers in responses
- prejudgements are avoided - there’s no need for a restrictive hypotheses
- the study can be used to generate one - useful when you don’t want to reduce a phenomena to just numbers
what are limitations of qualitative research?
- very subjective
- can’t be generalised
- can’t compare groups
- transcription and analysis can be time consuming
- data is difficult to analyse
- complex data is difficult to present
is qualitative data more valid or reliable?
valid
is quantitative data more valid or reliable?
reliable
why do qualitative research?
- sets a patient centred agenda
- challenges received wisdom
- theory generated fro data can be used to set new hypotheses
- can inform quantatative studies
how do you carry out a qualitative study?
- formulate the research question
- choose a method
- select and recruit sample
- data collection
- interpretation of data (analysis) 6.validity checks
what are the main methods of qualitative research?
Observation
Textual analysis / analysis of documents
Focus groups Interviews
what concepts are used to determine sample size in qualitative studies?
- information Power= the more info a sample holds relevant to the study the lower the number of participants needed
- data saturation= no new themes emerge when new participants are analysed
how should questions be phrased in an interview?
- neutral; not leading
- open ended / expansive (what, how, tell me about…)
- avoid jargon
how should you manage your data?
- Label recording with a participant number not their name
- Consent forms in supervisor’s locked drawer
- When you transcribe, remove all identifiers and replace them with loose description e.g. [doctor] [mother] etc.
- Save all files using participant numbers not names.
- Back up your files (password protected network storage) - Once backed up, delete files from mobile devices
what are benefits of framework analysis?
Dynamic
Systematic
Allows between- and within-case analysis
how can you check for validity?
- Triangulation- using more than 1 method to collect results
- Respondent validation- involves research participants responding either to forms of initial data, e.g. transcripts of interviews, or observations of activities, in order to check them for accuracy
- Further interviews or focus groups
- Subsequent analysis / independent assessment
