QL - W4 - Narrative Inquiry (ch.12)

Question 1

What is a good example of narrative inquiry?

Answer 1

Truth and Reconciliation (Indigenous)

Question 2

Narrative Inquiry differs from phenomenology (lived experiences) in that…

Answer 2

1. the narrative is told and lead by the participant (no probing questions by the researcher)
2. Role of researcher = LISTEN to the story. (so start with “grand tour” and let the participant do the talking)
3. Story telling

Question 3

Describe what others say about narrative inquiry

Answer 3

• democratic form of research
• fluid method of communication
• it’s all about the stories of people and making a narrative out of their stories

Question 4

What are the 4 features of N.I?

Answer 4

1 - collect stories of lived/told experiences
2 - chronology is ensured through re-storying AFTER the interview. Context is super imp.!
3 - often have “turning points”
4 - stories come from specific situations/places

Question 5

How do researchers make a chronology?

Question 6

True of False:

“narrative” and “story” are used interchangeably

Answer 6

True (sometimes not, but in this class, yes)

Question 7

How do narratives apply in health care?

Answer 7

• professional knowledge generation
• explores the voice of the patient (challenge is hard to truly listen to the pt in clinical setting?)
• can be from pts, family and care providers, colleagues and professionals (illness or professional narratives)

Question 8

How do narratives benefit patients

Answer 8

• allows for healing

- is pt focused

Question 9

What are the 2 dimensions of narrative?

Answer 9

• chronological (or sequential)
• non-chronological

** Sometimes chronology isn’t always important – but sometimes it is! If it is, researcher role is to ensure chronology through re-storying

Question 10

How many types of stories are there, and what are they?

Answer 10

FIVE

1 - everyday 
2 - autobiographical 
3 - biographical 
4 - cultural 
5 - collective 

***** read more!

Question 11

How would you develop a narrative research question?

Answer 11

• it is NOT the question you ask the participant (ie. the grand tour)
• go really broad
• Usu. see “narrative” or “stories” in the research Q. If it says “lived experiences”, then NOT narrative (cuz it implies that there are probing questions involved)

Example: What is the perspective/stories of the people who are homeless? What lead homeless people to become homeless?

Question 12

What are the main forms of narratives?

Answer 12

Restitution (like an underdog story - coming back on top; popular in Western culture)

Chaos (bad all the time; no structure/order; hard to re-story) ie. maximum prison

Quest (emancipation; changed despite chronic illness; wanna help others through story) ie. Terry Fox

Question 13

How is interviewing done in narrative inquiry?

Answer 13

“remembering is subjective”

• “grand tour” question needs to trigger a lengthy tale
• participant takes control
• little interruption/involvement by the researcher (this is the MAIN DIFFERENCE B/W PHENOMENOLOGY!!)

Question 14

N.I. Analysis:

What is restorying?

Answer 14

RESTORYING

Can choose to analyze…

• themes (what was being said)
• structure (the nature of telling the story)
• dialogue/performance (who the story is directed to)

W/out researcher restorying, the participant is just telling a story. It’s not research. So researcher is continually discussing pt story with pt to shape the restory

Question 15

N.I. Analysis:

What is transcription and reduction?

Answer 15

**

Question 16

N.I Analysis:

What is visual analysis?

Answer 16

focus = stories told through visual images
(ie. Photographs, painted work, sculptures, film, theatre)

can include photovoice: ie. visual montage (makes people feel heard)

Question 17

N.I. Analysis:

What is participant validation?

Answer 17

aka member checking!

**

Question 18

“insider view”

Answer 18

**

Question 19

Name some of the issues and challenges with using narrative research?

Answer 19

• “Truth” and self-selection
• Overuse and uncritical acceptance
• Active collaboration with participant necessary
• Reflection by researcher for how they “restory”
  (Being mindful or own bias, reflexivity, being aware of what you are bringing into the process)

Question 20

What is most important in narrative analysis?

Answer 20

CONTEXT of the story

Question 21

What are the main steps of analysis?

Answer 21

1. transcribing data
2. reducing data
   ie. from a bunch of data to 4 themes (thematic/holistic)

Question 22

N.I. analysis:

“the narrative is analyzed as a whole, with main statements reflecting the core experience, which is of great value. What is said is more important than how it was said”

This type of restorying analysis is…

Answer 22

Thematic/holistic analysis

*thematic = Reissman (2008)

Question 23

N.I. analysis:

“how story is told is most important. It’s more detailed. there are 6 elements to breaking down the story to analyze parts. This was developed by Labov and Waletzky (1967)”

This type of restorying analysis is…

Answer 23

Structured analysis

SIX elements:

1. abstract (summary)
2. orientation (considers time, place, etc. context)
3. complicating action (plot; sequence of events leading up to crisis)
4. evaluation (story appraisal; what it means to pt)
5. resolution (outcome of plot; what happened?)
6. coda (returning to the present time)

Question 24

N.I. analysis:

“considered a hybrid of different types of analysis, this focuses on social relationships and identities that are co-constructed with others. Interactive talk, mime, gestures and other interaction elements are looked at. Focus is on text and context”

This type of restorying analysis is…

Answer 24

Dialogical/performance analysis

similar to thematic, structural and conversation/discourse analysis