Q3

Question 1

Ethics

Answer 1

A principle or set of principles upon which morality is based.

Question 2

Example of Ethics

Answer 2

WHY is it wrong to kill. (ten commandants)

Question 3

Morality

Answer 3

A set of fundamental moral rules that guide our actions

Question 4

What is the purpose of Moral Reasoning

Answer 4

To choose the best MORAL action.

Question 5

What makes some actions morally better than others?

Answer 5

What matters to us the most ( WHAT WE VALUE)

Question 6

Example of “Anti-Ethics”

Answer 6

Emotivism

Question 7

Emotivism

Answer 7

All moral judgments are OPINIONS or expressions of EMOTIONS.

Question 8

Emotivism beliefs

Answer 8

No moral judgement can be TRUE or FALSE

Question 9

Ethical Relativism believe (Morality relative to…)?

Answer 9

The view that morality is relative to Cultural Relativism, and Individual Relativism.

Question 10

Cultural Relativism

Answer 10

The society we live in.

Question 11

Example of Cultural Relativism

Answer 11

Hand shaking (US) vs Bowing (JP)

Question 12

What is Ethical Relativism?

Answer 12

The DENIAL of ABSOLUTE Moral truths. (Based on Culture and Individual)

Question 13

Example of Absolute Morals

Answer 13

No matter what, obey 10 commandments

Question 14

Individual Relativism

Answer 14

What is right/wrong depends on who is involved and what situation.

Question 15

Examples of Individual Relativism

Answer 15

EGOism and HEDONism

Question 16

EGOism

Answer 16

Good is what is good for me.

Question 17

HEDONism

Answer 17

Good is what is PLEASURABLE; bad is what is PAINFUL.

Question 18

Example of Hedonism

Answer 18

Flowers grow toward sunlight

Question 19

Example of ANTI Hedonism

Answer 19

The ant and the Grasshopper

Question 20

Principle of Utilitarianism

Answer 20

an action that is right if Happiness > Pain FOR EVERYONE AFFECTED.

Question 21

Act Utilitarianism ( Bentham)

Answer 21

Decides right/ wrong BEFORE EVERY action.

Question 22

Rule Utilitarianism (Mill)

Answer 22

Apply the principle of utility to RULES rather than individual actions

Question 23

Summary of IMMANUAL KANT Ethics

Answer 23

Respect for persons

Question 24

The only thing truly good is a good will

Answer 24

Kant’s Ethics (reasons for actions)

Question 25

Never use other people merely as a means to your own ends

Answer 25

Kant’s Ethics (Manipulating someone for your benefit )

Question 26

Determine what is right and wrong by applying the action as a UNIVERSAL RULE

Answer 26

Kants Ethics (Murder is based on individual opinions)