Q1 Week 3 (Characteristics of Human Society) Flashcards
6 Characteristics of Human Society
- It is a social system
- Relatively large
- Recruits most of its members from within
- Sustains itself across generations
- Members of it share a common culture
- Occupies a territory
Types of Societies
- Hunting and Food Gathering
- Horticulture
- Pastoral Societies
- Agricultural
- Industrial
- Post-Industrial
THE EARLIEST FORM OF HUMAN SOCIETY.
Hunting and Food Gathering Society
PEOPLE SURVIVED BY FORAGING FOR VEGETABLE FOODS & SMALL GAME, FISHING, HUNTING LARGER WILD ANIMALS, & COLLECTING SHELFISH.
Hunting and Food Gathering Society
THEY SUSTAINED FROM DAY TO DAY ON WHATEVER WAS AVAILABLE.
Hunting and Food Gathering Society
THEY USED TOOLS MADE STONES, WOODS, & BONES.
Hunting and Food Gathering Society
PEOPLE LEARNED TO USE HUMAN MUSCLE POWER AND HANDHELD TOOLS TO CULTIVATE FIELDS.
Horticulture Society
CLASSIFIED AS SUSBSISTENCE FARMING AND SURPLUS FARMING.
Horticulture SOciety
SUBSISTENCE FARMING:
• INVOLVES ONLY PRODUCING ENOUGH FOOD TO FEED THE GROUP.
• THE SETTLEMENTS ARE SMALL
• NEIGHBORHOOD IS SOLID
• POLITICAL ORGANIZATION IS CONFINED IN THE VILLAGE
• AUTHORITY IS BASED ON POSITIONS INHERITED BY MALES THROUGH THE KINSHIP SYSTEM.
All Under Horticulture Society
SURPLUS FARMING:
• PRACTICED IN THICKLY POPULATED AND PERMANENT SETTLEMENTS.
• THERE WAS OCCUPATIONAL SPECIALIZATION WITH PRESTIGE DIFFERENCES
• SOCIAL STRATIFICATION WAS WELL ESTABLISHED.
• THE COMMUNITY TENDED TO BE STRUCTURED BY KINSHIP RELATIONS THAT ARE MALE DOMINATED.
IT RELIED ON HERDING AND THE DOMESTICATION OF ANIMALS FOR FOOD AND CLOTHING TO SATISFY THE GREATER NEEDS OF THE GROUP
Pastoral Society
MOST _________ WERE NOMADS WHO FOLLOWED THEIR HERDS IN A NEVER-ENDING QUEST FOR PASTURE AND WATER.
pastoralists
IT WAS ORGANIZED ALONG MALE-CENTERED KINSHIP GROUPS.
Pastoral Society
IT WAS USUALLY UNITED UNDER STRONG POLITICAL FIGURES. HOWEVER, CENTRALIZED POLITICAL LEADERSHIP DID NOT OCCUR.
Pastoral SOciety
THESE SOCIETIES WERE CHARACTERIZED BY THE USE OF THE PLOW IN FARMING
Agricultural SOciety
agricultural society is characterized BY THE USE OF THE ______ IN FARMING
plow
CREATION OF THE IRRIGATION SYSTEM PROVIDED FARMING ENOUGH SURPLUS FOR THE COMMUNITY.
AGriculture Society
EVER GROWING POPULATIONS CAME TOGETHER IN BROAD RIVER-VALLEY SYSTEM.
Agriculture Society
THOSE WHO CONTROLLED ACCESS TO ARABLE LAND AND ITS USE BECAME RICH AND POWERFUL SINCE THEY COULD DEMAND THE PAYMENT OF TAXES AND POLITICAL SUPPORT.
AGriculture Society
BY TAXING THE BIULK OF AGRICULTURE SURPLUS, THE POLITICAL LEADERS COULD MAKE BUREAUCRACIES IMPLEMENT THEIR PLANS AND ARMIES TO PROTECT THEIR PRIVILEGES.
agriculture society
SOCIAL CLASSES BECAME ENTRENCHED, AND THE STATE EVOLVED.
agriculture society
IT IS CHARACTERIZED BY MORE THAN JUST THE USE OF MECHANICAL MEANS OF PRODUCTION.
INdustrial Society
IT CONSTITUTES AN ENTIRELY NEW FORM OF SOCIETY THAT
REQUIRES AN IMMENSE, MOBILE DIVERSITY SPECIALIZED, HIGH SKILLED, AND WELL COORDINATED LABOR FORCE.
INdustrial Society
• CREATE HIGHLY ORGANIZED SYSTEMS OF EXCHANGE BETWEEN SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS AND INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURERS.
Industrial Society
