Q1 Exam: Terms Founding Documents & the Rise of Segregation

Question 1

Inalienable rights

Answer 1

Life liberty and pursuit of happiness

Question 2

Federalism

Answer 2

Principle of shared power
Federal governement allows the people of each state to deal with their needs in their own way
Also, lets stated act together to deal with matters that affect all Americans
Example: the states would give up some power to the national government while retaining others

Question 3

Separation of powers

Answer 3

In order to prevent any single group/insitution in government from gaining too much power, the Framers divided the fed. government into 3 branches: legeslative, executive and judicial

Question 4

Legeslative branch

Answer 4

Congress

Makes the laws

Question 5

Executive branch

Answer 5

Headed by the president

Carries out the laws

Question 6

Judicial branch

Answer 6

Consists of the Supreme Court and other federal courts

Interprets and applies the laws

Question 7

Checks and balances

Answer 7

System in which each branch of government can limit the power if the other branches
System helps balance the power of the 3 branches

Question 8

Emancipation Proclamation

Answer 8

Executive order by Pres. Lincoln on Jan. 1st 1863 that announced that all slaves in rebelling states would be free

Question 9

13th Ammendment

Answer 9

Slavery and involuntary slavery shall not exist in U.S.

Question 10

14th Ammendment

Answer 10

No state shall deprive anyone of life, liberty or property without being tried
Everyone shall have equal protection of the laws

Question 11

15th Ammendment

Answer 11

Any U.S. citizen has the right to vote, no matter race, color, or previous condition of servitude

Question 12

Ku Klux Klan

Answer 12

Secret organization that used terrorist tactices in attempt to restore white supremacy in Southern States after the civil war

Question 13

Sharecropping

Answer 13

System in which landowners give farm workers land and supplies in return for a part of the crops they raise

Question 14

Compromise of 1877

Answer 14

Federal government left Confederate states alone after Civil War

Question 15

Poll tax

Answer 15

Annual tax paid before being able to vote (limited black and white sharecroppers because they were too poor to pay)

Question 16

Literacy Test

Answer 16

Some states limited the vote to people who could read and required registration officials to administer a literacy test.
Blacks who were trying to vote got harder questions or were given tests in other languages

Question 17

Grandfather clause

Answer 17

Reinstated white voters who failed literacy test/couldn’t pay poll tax
Clause stated that a man was still entitled to vote if he/his father/grandfather had been elgible to vote before January 1st 1867 (time when slaves did not have the right to vote)

Question 18

Segregation

Answer 18

Seperation of people based on race

Question 19

Jim Crow laws

Answer 19

Laws that enforced segreation in public places

Question 20

Plessy vs. Ferguson

Answer 20

Supreme Court in which segregation (“seperate but equal”) was made legal

Question 21

Lynchings

Answer 21

Form of punishment for people who did not follow the racial etiquette rules in which people were hanged

Question 22

W.E.B DuBois

Answer 22

The first African American to recieve a doctorate from Harvard in 1895
Founded the Niagra movement
Insisted that blacks should seek a liberal arts education so the community could have a well educated leader

Question 23

Booker T. Washington

Answer 23

Prominent African American educator
Believed racism would end once blacks acquired useful labor skills and proved their economic value to society
Went to Tuskagee Normal and Industrial Insitute

Question 24

Ida B. Wells

Answer 24

Fought for racial justice through writing, lecturing, and organizing civil rights