MIDTERMS: The Rise of Progressivism Flashcards
What were the four goals of progressivism?
- Protecting social welfare
- Promoting moral improvement
- Creating economc reform
- Fostering efficiency
What problems led to the movement for progressive reform?
Unsafe working conditions overpopulation poor living conditions racism santitation problems disease no business regulation (laissez faire gov.) corruption (political) monopolies child labor nativism
How was social welfare protected?
Settlement houses were created, which helped the poor through community centers, churhces, and social services
YMCA
Young Men’s Christian Association
Opened libraries, sponsored classes, built swimming pools
Salvation Army
Fed poor people in soup kitchens, cared for children in nurseries, and sent people to teach poor immigrants about the values of hard work and temperance (not drinking alcohol)
How was moral improvement promoted?
Prohibition, banning alcoholic beverages
Muckraker
Magazine journalists who exposed the corrupt side of business and public life during the early 1900s
Scientific management
application of scientific principles to increase efficiency in the workplace
How was economic reform created?
- Assembly lines sped up production
- Henry Ford created the 8hr workday and the $5?day pay rate to prenvent strikes
Initiative
bill originated by the people rather than lawmakers
Referendum
Vote on the initiative
Recall
Let voters remove public officials from elected postions by forcing them to face another election before the end of the term if enough voters asked for it
Direct primary
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17th Ammendment
1913
Provided election of U.S. senators by people rather than state legislatures
19th Ammendment
Gave all people, regardless of gender, the right to vote
sufferage
The right to vote
The Jungle
Novel by Upton Sinclair that portrayed the dangerous and unhealthy conditions of the meat packing industry
Square Deal
TR’s program of progressive reforms designed to protect common people against big business
How did government change under Roosevelt?
The executive branch took stronger action against big business
Coal Strike of 1902-how did Roosevelt respond?
Coal miners in PA went on strike, wanted pay raise, shorter work day and right to form a union, Roosevelt forced big business to submit to arbitration to settle dispute with labor
trustbuster
Someone who breaks up trusts
Meat Inspection Act
Dictated strict cleanliness requirements for meatpackers and created program of federal meat inspection
Pure Food and Drug Act
Halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling
conservation
Management of natural resources, protecting some wilderness areas and developing others for the common good
What happened in the election of 1912
It was the first time each canidate supported progressive change
How did the government change under Wilson?
The government prevented anti-competitive business practices that led to trusts and monopolies
Federal Trade Commission
Established the Deteral Trade Commission that sought to preserve competition by preventing business from engaging in unfair business practices
Federal Reserve Act
Established a Federal Reserve Board and 23 Federal Regional banks to supervise the banking system, setting interest rates on loans to provate banks and controlling the supply of money in circulation
Clayton Ant-Trust Act
Limited ownership of stock in one corporation by another, implemented non-competitive pricing policies, and recognized the right of labor to strike
