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Micro > Q Bank > Flashcards

Q Bank Flashcards

1
Q

Enterococci that is able to substitute D-lactate for D-alanine is resistant to what Abx?

A

Vancomycin: binds to D-alanyl-D-alanine to prevent peptidoglycan formation.

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2
Q

A mucicarmine stain is useful for identifying which organism?

A

Cryptococcus

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3
Q

What is the cause of the genetic instability in HCV?

A

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase lacking 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity

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4
Q

What is Vibrio? What is a risk factor for infection?

A

oxidase-positive, Gram-negative bacillus that causes watery diarrhea. Achlorhydria (omeprazole)

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5
Q

What does a virion with phospholipid-containing particle surface represent? Exception?

A

Enveloped virus; Herpesviruses

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6
Q

What are the side effects of protease inhibitors?

A

Lipodystrophy, hyperglycemia, some inhibit P450

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7
Q

What bacterial factor causes septic shock?

A

Lipid A, a component of lipopolysaccharide that makes it endotoxic

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8
Q

What normally causes slow growing mass from oral trauma with pus drainage? How is treated?

A

Actinomyces; penicillin

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9
Q

How does Salmonella evade the immune system?

A

Capsule protects it from opsonization?

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10
Q

Whats the resistance mechanism for aminoglycosides?

A

Transfer of acetyl, adenyl, or phosphate different groups

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11
Q

What’s the HBV genome?

A

partially, double stranded, circular DNA

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12
Q

What are catalase positive gram positive?

A

Staph

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13
Q

What are the catalase negative gram positive cocci?

A

Strep

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14
Q

What are the alpha hemolytic strep? Which are optochin resistant? sensitive?

A

Viridians strep: optochin resistant and bile insoluble

Strep pneumo: optochin sensitive, bile soluble

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15
Q

What are the beta hemolytic strep? PYR positive? Negative?

A

GAS: PYR positive, Bacitracin sensitive.
GBS: PYR neg, CAMP pos

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16
Q

What are gamma hemolytic? grow in bile and NaCl?

A

Enterococci: grow in bile and NaCl, PYR pos

Strep bovis: grow in bile, not NaCl, PYR neg

17
Q

What fungus has hyphae which branches at acute angles?

A

Rhizopus

18
Q

The presence of multinucleated giant cells with intranuclear inclusions?

A

HSV or VZV

19
Q

What is C. diphtheriae?

A

Gram-positive, catalase positive, aerobic, club shaped rod; it grows on cysteine-tellurite agar

20
Q

What disease is suggestive of recent travel, fever, abdominal pain, rose spots, HSM, GI bleeding?

A

Salmonella thyphi

21
Q

What is the MOA of zidovudine?

A

It does not have a 3’ OH, which blocksphosphodiester bond formation

22
Q

How does HBV lead to HCC?

A

VIral DNA integration

23
Q

What is one of the side effects of isoniazid therapy? How does it present?

A

Hepatotoxic damage; fever, anorexia, nausea after 4-6 mo

Micro (4 decks)

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