Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BIOCHEM lab Finals > PYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING > Flashcards

PYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING Flashcards

1
Q

Plant chemical

A

Phytochemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

natural bioactive compounds found on different parts of a plant (leaves, roots, stem, flowers)

A

Phytochemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Organic cmpounds that are not directly ivolved in aplants growth, repoduction and development

A

Secondary Metabolites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Four major classes in Secondar Metabolites:

A
  • Terpenes
  • Phenolics
  • Polyketides
  • Alkaloids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • Based on isoprone molecule
  • Essential oils, spices, flavorings (e.g. citronella, camphor, eucalyptus)
A

Terpenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • Oxygenated, derivatives of terpenes
  • Contains -OH,C=O
  • unsaturated
A

Terpenoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  • derived from Phe and acetate metabolism
  • contain flavan (C6-C3-C6) skeleton
A

Flavanoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Types of flavonoids

A
  1. Flavonoid Skeleton
  2. Catechins
  3. Flavonois
  4. Flavones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  • basic nitrogenated compounds
  • largest class of secondary metabolites
  • analgesis, narcotics, CNS stimulants, antimicrobials
A

Alkaloids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Example of alkaloids

A

Morphine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  • sugar (glycone) + non-sugar (aglycone) molecule via a glycosidic bond
A

Glycosides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Types of a glycosides

A

Salicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

contains glc + salicyl alcohol

A

Salicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  • steroids/ triterpoid glycosides
  • used detergents
  • forms froth when agitated in an aqueous solution.
A

Saponin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Types of saponins

A
  • Triterpenic Aglycone
  • Steroidic Aglycone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q
  • these are polyphenols
  • can react with and preciitate proteins
  • tanning agent
17
Q

types of tannins

A
  1. Hydrolyzable
  2. Condensed
18
Q

it can hydrolyzed by enzymes; phenolic acid + glc via ester linkage

A

Hydrolyzable

19
Q

Derivatives of flavonoids

20
Q

Sample are ____ to reduced water content, so that the plant can be stored
- Plant has ______% moisture
- Must be dried right after harvest to avoid _____

A

dried
60-80%
deterioration

21
Q

Sample COllection: Drying Method

A
  • Natural Drying (Sun-drying)
  • Artificial
22
Q

Natural Drying (Sun-Drying) Disadvantage

A

Plants can be damage by the weather

23
Q

Two types of artificial

A

Cold-air drying
Warm-air drying

24
Q

use of fans that blows unheated air

A

Cold-air drying

25
Q

SAMPLE COLLECTION

  1. Plants sample were ____
  2. Plant samples were ground to __________
  3. Addition of _______ ethanol immersing the plant sample.
  4. Obtaining the _______ extract after serveral days.
  5. Concentrating the ethanolic extract using _________
A

sun-dried
fine particles
95% ethanol
ehtanolic extract
rotatry evaporator

26
Q

Phytochemical Screening

  • Test for alkaloids
  • (+): colored ppt (orange, red, yellow, or brown)
A

Dragendorff Test

27
Q

X-

A

Anions of acid

28
Q

Phytochemical Screening

A
  • Test for glycosides with deoxysugars
  • acid hydrolysis of sugar-aglycone
  • (+): red-brown ring
29
Q

Phytochemical Screening

  • Test for steroids
  • (+): purple blue or blue-green solution
A

Liebermann-Burchard Test

30
Q

Phytochemical Screening

  • Test for glycosides with lactone ring
  • (+): purple color fading gradually to red-brown and white ppt
A

Kedde Test

31
Q

Phytochemical Screening

  • Test for glycosides with anthracene
  • (+): pink color in lower layer
A

Borntrager Tes

32
Q

Phytochemical Screening

  • Test for flavonoids, leucoanthocyanins
  • (+): red-purple color
A

Bate-Smith and Metcalf test

33
Q

Phytochemical Screening

✔ Test for saponins
✔ (+): ~2cm layer of froth
✔ Hydrophobic (fat-soluble) sapogenin +
Hydrophilic (water-soluble) sugar

A

Froth Test

34
Q

Phytochemical Screening

✔ Test for tannins, phenolics
✔ (+): dark blue/black color

A

Ferric Chloride Test

BIOCHEM lab Finals (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions