Chapter 24 Lec Flashcards
All _____ are related and some metabolites appear in several pathaways
metabolic pathaways
Reaction of metabolism can take place ______
Simultaneously
All metabolism is ultimately linked to _________ and the energy from the sun
Photosynthesis
Major public health-health problem in the United states
Obesity
a protein, plays a major role in regulatory mechanism leading to obesity
Leptin
Jobs of Leptin
- Stimulates the oxidation of fatty acids and the updake of glucose by mucles cells
- Inhibits production of the mRNA for hepatic stearolyl-CoA desaturase.
- Works directly on the nervous system
Letptin stimulates AMP- Activated protein kinase, which phosphoyrlates an isoform of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in muscle cells, rendering it less active
Inactivation of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACC)
Nutrients that are derived from food are the sources of substrates for ________ and _____
Catabolism
Anabolism
In humans, the choice of diet becomes importanin the interest of obtaining enough of essential nutrients whole avoiding excess of others such as ________
Saturated Fats
it was publsihed to explain nutrition basics to the public
Food Guide Pyramid
This pyrmaid is being replaced with newer version that recogenizes the difference between various types of fats and carbohydrates instad of just sending the message that all fats are bad and all carbohydrates are good,
Food Guide Pyramid
intracellular messenger produced in the ductless glands of the endocrine system.
Hormones
Transported from the sites of their synthesis to the sites of action by the bloodstream
Hormone
Hormones includes:
- ________ (estrogen and androgens)
- ________ (insulin and endorphins)
- ____________(epinephrine and norepinephrine)
Steroids
Polypeptides
Amino acid derivatives
3 Have several important function inthe body
- Maintaining ______
- Mediating responses to _____________ stimuli
- Regulating ________ and development
- Hemeostasis
- external
- growth
Release of hormones exerts control on cells of target organs
- Simple feedback mechanism can be _______
- More sophiscated system invloved the action of the _______, _____ and specific _______
Postulated
Hypothalamus; Pituitary; Endocrine Glands
Stereoid hormonones can enter the cell by:
- Directly entering through the ______
- Binding to plasm membrane _____
plasma membrane
receptors
