Pysch Flashcards
Aim
explains the purpose of the study
Target Population
whole group of people you want to research
Sample
portion of the population that the researchers record data from
Representative Sample
sample reflects the characteristics of the target population
Opportunity Sample
sample is taken based off of availability and convenience
Self selected sample
Volunteers take part in the study
Snowballing Samples
Participants recruit other participants for the study
Random Sampling
Every member of the target population has an equal chance of getting selected
Stratified Sample
Random sampling from each subpopulations
Validity
a test’s ability to measure what it is supposed to measure
Reliability
the consistency of a research study or measuring test
Code of Ethics
protect the participant from undue stress or harm
Informed Consent
Participants are told the nature of the study, and give permission to take part in the study
Deception
Researcher purposely withholds information from the participants that could impact the results of the study
Right to withdraw
Participants can opt out of the study at any time
Debriefing
Given to participants at the end of the study that explains the true purpose of the study and anticipated
Anonymized
Identities will not be revealed in the publication of the study or any other use of the data thereafter
Laboratory studies
Take place in a controlled environment
Field studies
Take place in a natural environment
Retrospective
asks questions about past behaviors or something that already happened
Prospective
has a variable measured at the beginning and the end of a study, and the researcher observes the changes
Three main things you look for when summarizing a research study
Aim, Methods, Results
Parts of a research study
Intro, Methods, Analysis, Discussion
Method
explains how the researcher carried out the procedure
Results
researcher found after conducting the study and analyzing the data
Things to include in a summary
Title of study, authors, year it was published
Design
Plan for answering the research question
Design vs Method
D - Experiment, Correlational, Case study
M - Survey, observations, interviews
Correlational Study
Describe, explain, and predict the statistical relationship between variables. But one the change in one variable is not the cause of the change in the values of the other variable
Rainy day and baby births
Observational Study
Attempt to identify and describe the variables
i.e Field Study
Case Study
An assessment or observation on an individual
Experimental Design
Describe, explain, predict, and control for extraneous variables, thus assuming causation between variables
Nature vs Nurture
whether human behavior is determined by its environment
Attribute/Subject Variable
Non-Manipulated variable that is an attribute of the participant
Active/Manipulated Variable
Variable given to the participants
Biological Approach
crying, laughing, walking, eating
Cognitive Approach
likes, thinking, learning, decisions
Sociocultural Approach
A psychological approach that emphasizes social and cultural influences on behavior
