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Biology HL > Biology 1.1 & 1.2 > Flashcards

Biology 1.1 & 1.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Cell Theory (3 parts)

A 
#1. Cells are the smallest unit of life
#2. Cells arise from pre-existing ones
#3. All organisms are made of one or more cells
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2
Q

Striated Muscle Cells

A

make up muscle tissue that we use to move

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3
Q

Striated Muscles Description

A

formed by smaller cells fusing together
all normally large cells
have many nuclei

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4
Q

Aseptate fungi

A

long tube-like structures with many nuclei

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5
Q

Giant Algae

A

single cell that can grow to be 100 mm

has a single nucleus

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6
Q

Embryonic Stem Cells

A

made by fertilizing eggs with sperm & allowing the zygote to develop
can differentiate into any cell type

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7
Q

7 Characteristics/Functions of Life

A

Metabolism, Response, Homeostasis, Growth, Excretion, Reproduction, Nutrition

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8
Q

Metabolism

A

web of all the enzyme catalyzed reactions in a cell

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9
Q

Response

A

living things can respond & interact w/ the environment

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10
Q

Homeostasis

A

maintenance & regulation of internal cell conditions

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11
Q

Growth

A

living things can grow or change in size & shape

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12
Q

Excretion

A

the removal of metabolic waste

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13
Q

Reproduction

A

living things produce offspring either sexually or asexually

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14
Q

Nutrition

A

living things take in material from its environment for growth & repair

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15
Q

Prokaryotic Cells

A

Bacteria (does not enclose DNA in nucleus, and no membrane bound cells) has ribosomes, pilli, flagellum, cytoplasm, cell membrane, DNA, cell wall (divide by binary fission)

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16
Q

Eukaryotic Cells

A

Plants & Animals (enclose DNA in nucleus, membrane bound cell) Rough ER, cell membrane, nucleus, ribosomes, golgi, mitochondria, vacuoles, lysomes,

17
Q

Ribosomes

A

Site for protein synthesis

18
Q

Eukaryotic chromosomes

A

only present during cell division

19
Q

Compare Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells

A

both have a cell membrane, carry out all functions of life, have DNA and ribosomes

20
Q

Davson-Danielli Model

A

Created a model suggesting that the lipid bilayer was covered on both sides by a thin layer of protein

21
Q

Why the understanding of cell membrane structure has changed over time

A

electron microscopes showed that not all membranes are symmetrical and a protein layer is not likely because its non-polar

22
Q

Integral proteins

A

amphipatic properties (hydrophobic and hydrophilic)

Biology HL (4 decks)

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