Pyruvate Pathways Flashcards
The Pyruvate pathway of Anaerobic Glycolysis involves pyruvate converting into the end-product of what?
Lactic Acid (“Lactate”)
What is the enzyme associated with converting Pyruvate into Lactate in Anaerobic Glycolysis?
Lactate Dehydrogenase (“LDH”)
What is the cofactor product associated with LDH in Anaerobic Glycolysis?
Vitamin B3
What is the main condition Lactate Dehydrogenase “LDH” is active in?
Low Oxygen states (Anaerobic)
What are tissues where Anaerobic Glycolysis is likely to occur?
Testes
Lens
WBC
Cornea
Medulla (Kidney)
RBC
The Pyruvate pathway of Alanine Aminotransferase Pathway involves pyruvate converting into the end-product of what?
Alinine
What is the enzyme associated with converting Pyruvate into Alanine?
ALT
What is the cofactor product associated with ALT in Alanine Aminotransferase Pathway?
Vitamin B6
Where does the pyruvate pathway of Alanine Aminotransferase take place & what is the goal of this pathway?
Liver > Cahill Cycle (goal: recycle carbons between muscle & liver)
Where does the pyruvate pathway of Alanine Aminotransferase take place & what is the goal of this pathway?
Liver > Cahill Cycle (goal: recycle carbons between muscle & liver)
What is the objective of converting pyruvate into Alanine?
Pyruvate cannot jump from the muscle to the liver, but Alanine can.
Once Alanine makes it’s way into the Liver, what metabolism pathway is utilized to make glucose?
Gluconeogenesis
How would you summarize the Cahill Cycle
The constant conversion of Pyruvate (M) > Alanine (M) > Alanine (L) > Pyruvate (L) > Glucose (L) > Glucose (M).
The pyruvate pathway that yields ______ can be used as an available reactant for gluconeogenesis and/or TCA cycle?
Oxaloacetate
What is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing Pyruvate into Oxaloacetate?
Pyruvate Carboxylase (Cofactor: Biotin)
Pyruvate can be converted into what 4 Molecules for energy pathways?
Alanine, Oxaloacetate, Acetyle-CoA, Lactate
What is the chief reactant of the TCA cycle and a byproduct of Pyruvate?
Acetyl-CoA
What is the enzyme responsible for converting pyruvate into Acetyl-CoA?
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
What are the 5 cofactors of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase?
B1, B2, B3, B5, Lipoic Acid
What is the chief reactant of the TCA cycle and a byproduct of Pyruvate?
Acetyl-CoA
Of the 4 Pyruvate pathways, which 2 are reversible and which 2 are irreversible?
Reversible: Alanine & Lactic Acid
Irreversible: Oxaloacetate & Acetyl-CoA
Reversible pyruvate pathways occur where in the body?
Cytosol
Irreversible pyruvate pathways occur where in the body?
Mitochondria
