Purifying ORAGANIC stuff

Question 1

Purifying organic product

Step 1

WATER REMOVAL

Answer 1

• Pour mixture of liquids into the separating funnel, place a stopper in and invert to mix the contents
• Add some water to identify the aqueous layer
• Remove stopper and open tap until the lower layer has left the funnel
• Collect the other layer in another conical flask

Question 2

Step 2

ACID REMOVAL

Answer 2

• Addition of aqueous sodium carbonate will react with any acid present
• Invert the funnel and open the tap to release any CO2 gas produced.
• Aqueous layer removed, addition of water to wash layer
• Collect layers separately.

Question 3

Step 3

DRYING

Answer 3

• Add organic liquid to a conical flask
• Add a drying agent and swirl (anhydrous calcium chloride, calcium sulfate or magnesium sulfate), add a stopper
• If solid clumps together, add more drying agent
• Decant the liquid from the solid into another flask.

Question 4

Step 4

SEPARATING SEVERAL ORGANIC LAYERS

Answer 4

• Distillation apparatus is cleaned and dried
• Re-run the distillation
• Collect the product with the boiling point of the compound you are trying to make
• Narrower the boiling point range, the purer the liquid.